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Pruning



Purposeandfunction

Thecrownoffruittreesexpandswiththegrowthofthetreeage,andtoomanybranchesandleaveswillinevitablycausetheconsequencesofdenseouterspaceandinnerspace,prematuredecayofthetree,serioussizeandreductionoffruityieldandquality,etc..Timelyandreasonablepruningcanhavethefollowingeffects.

①Adjustthereasonabledistributionofbranchesandleaves.Thatis,onthebasisofshaping,adjustthedensity,distributiondirectionandleafareacoefficientofeachpartofthecrowntomaximizetheeffectivephotosyntheticareaof​​thecrown.

②Regulategrowthandresults.Itcanmakethevegetativegrowthnormalbutnotexcessivelyprosperous;properamountofflowersandfruitwithoutweakeningthevigorofthetree;atthesametime,itcanpreventthefruittreefromaginginadvanceandrenewandrejuvenateintime.

③Adjustthecompositionratioofbranches.Shortshootshaveashortgrowthperiod,lessconsumptionandearlyaccumulation,butlessleavesandlowtotalphotosynthesis;vegetativeshootshavealonggrowthperiodandconsumemore,butaccumulatemorelater.Differenttreespeciesandtreeagesrequirecorrespondingandappropriatebranchtypessothattheoperation,distribution,consumption,andaccumulationofnutrientsinthetreeduringtheannualgrowthcyclecanbecoordinatedaccordingtothenormalgrowthandreproductionrhythm.Thiscanbeachievedbypruning.

④Pruningcanalsobalancethegrowthvigorbetweenthegroupplantsandthemainbranchesonaplant,soastoachieveabalancedyieldandfacilitatemanagement.Inaddition,pruningisalsoameanstocoordinatethegrowthoftheabove-groundpartandtherootsystem.

MechanismTheregulationeffectofpruningonthegrowthanddevelopmentofbranches,leaves,fruitsandotherorgansisrelatedtothechangeofapicaldominance.Sincethedirectionofcytokininproducedbytherootsystemisoppositetothedirectionofgravity,themoreuprightthebranches,thehigherthepositionofthebuds,andthemoreitearns,sothefasterthecelldivision,themoreprosperousthegrowth.Thegerminationandgrowthofthebudsatthebottomofthetopbudswereinhibited.Oncethebranchesarecut,thetopdominanceistransferredtothecut-mouthbuds,andthegrowthpotentialofthebudsunderneathisreducedinturn,andevenunabletogerminateintohiddenbuds,thuschangingtheoriginalgerminationrateandbranchingability,makingtheratioofbranchesandnutritionThebranchgrowthhasalsochanged.Inaddition,thedevelopmentstatusandqualityofthebudsonthebranchesaredifferent,whichiscalledbudheterogeneity.

Generallyspeaking,thequalityofthebudiscloselyrelatedtothesizeandfunctionoftheleavesatthenodewhereitislocated,thetimeofbudformation,theoverallnutritionalstatusofthetree,andenvironmentalfactors.Therefore,pruningalsotakesadvantageoftheheterogeneityofthebuds,andexertsitsregulatingeffectbyselectingtheappropriatecuttingbuds.Butpruningwithsimilarbranchesandcuttingpositionsmaynotallachievethesameeffect.Thisisbecausedifferenttreespeciesandvarietieshavedifferentbuddingandbranchinghabits.Generally,varietieswithstrongbranchingabilitygrowvigorouslyandflowerslaterthanvarietieswithhighgerminationrate.Thefruitinghabitsofdifferenttreespeciesandvarietiesaredifferent.Thismustbeunderstoodinadvancetomakethepruningachievethedesiredeffect.

Pruningsteps

First,pruningisrequiredattheyoungtreestage.Thepurposeofpruningduringthisperiodistoexpandthecrownofthefruittree,increasethenumberofbranches,andadjustthetreeshapesothatitcancarryoutphotosynthesistoagreaterextent.Areasonablepruningduringthisperiodcanalsoprovidethequantityandqualityofthefruitproducedbythefruittree,anditcanalsomakeitgrowinadvanceandharvestinadvance,unlikethefruittreesplantedinfrontofandbehindthehouse,whichhavetowaitforseveralyearstobearfruit.

Secondly,pruningisneededduringthefullfruitperiod.Duringthisperiod,someweakbranches,diseasedbranches,andbranchesthataffectthephotosynthesisofthefruittreearecutoff.Thepurposeistoenablethefruittreebodytogetbettergrowthanddevelopment,maintainagoodtreestructure,andletthefruittreegrowbetweenthefruittreeandthefruittreegrowth.Therelationshipisbalanced,sothatthefruit-bearingperiodofthefruittreecanbeextended.

Again,pruningisneededinoldage.Duringthisperiod,somebranchesthataffectthenutrientabsorptionandphotosynthesisofthefruittreearecutoffintime,sothatsomestrongbranchescanbetterabsorbnutrientsandgrow,andthefruityieldoftheoldtreescanbemaintainedatahigherlevel.

Therefore,fruittreesneedtobeprunedduringdifferentgrowthperiodsoffruittrees.Fruittreesmustbeobservedeveryyear,andappropriateadjustmentsshouldbemadetothegrowthoffruittreesinrealtime,soasnottoaffecttheirgrowthanddevelopment.Andhangingfruit.

Pruningmethod

Thegeneralpruningprincipleadoptedis"focusonlightness,combinelightnessandheavyness;makeoverallplans,combinelengthandshortness;pruningthetree,followthebranches."Therearemanyspecificmethods,andaftersiteanalysisofdifferenttreespecies,differenttreeages,anddifferenttreebodies,judgmentsaremadeforpruning.Therefore,onlyafewcommonpruningmethodscanbelistedhere:

Short-cutmethod:Cutsomebranchesoff,sothatnutrientsareconcentratedtosomestrongbranches,reducenutrientconsumption,andkeepthelightandventilationconditionsinthecanopybetter.

Thinningmethod:Cutoffdiseasedbranches,weakbranches,deadbranches,longbranches,anddisturbedtree-shapedgrowthbranches.

Puttingmethod:removethebuds,controlthegrowthlengthofthefruitbranches,andbalancethenutrientsupply.

Branchholdingmethod:Thatistosay,someexcessivelyrisingbranchesarecrushedbyhandtotheirinternalbastandxylem,causingslightdamage,inhibitingtheirgrowth,andchangingtheirextensiondirection.

Bendingbranchmethod:Thatis,somestraight-growingbranchesarebentandtiedwithropes,sothatthebentpartscanbeexposedandplacedinabettergrowthenvironment.

Pruningseason

Therearetwotypesofpruning:winterpruningandsummerpruning.2.Pruningismainlytoremovelongbranches,droopingbranches,backbranches,excessivelydensebranches,diseasedbranchesandweakbranches.Pruningcancontroltheamountofresultsandimprovethequalityoffruittrees.3.Pruningistoreshapefruittrees.Peartreeshavethreemainbranchesinscatteredandlayeredshape,peachhasthreemainbranchesinopenshape,andpomegranatehasnaturalroundheadshape.4.SummerpruningisfromJunetoAugust.Aslongasyouthinkitisdense,youcancutoffapartofthetwigsfromthebranches,whichcantransmitlighttotheshape,butdon'tcutthefruitingbranches,otherwiseyouwon'tbeabletoeatthefruit.5.Winterpruningismainlyshortcut,whichmeanstocutapartofthebranchesfromthetop,one-thirdorone-half.Thepurposeistopromotethegrowthofthefruittreeandreducethefruit.Youcanalsocutoffsomeofthefruitingbranches,becauseofthefruitofthefruittree.Thereisacause-and-effectrelationship.Ifyoubearmorefruit,youwillloseless.

Re-cuttingfruittreesinspringisasupplementandimprovementtowintershearing.Itisusuallydonewhentheflowerbudscanbeclearlyrecognizedafterthefruittreeshavesprouted,anditisbestdonebeforetheflowerbudsexpand.Forfruittreesinspring,cutmaturetrees,weaktrees,orearly-floweringvarietiesfirst,andthencutyoungtrees,vigoroustrees,andlate-floweringvarieties.Inaddition,there-pruningoffruittreesinspringdependsonspecificconditionssuchasspecies,treeageandtreevigor.Secondly,applyawoundanticorrosivefilmtothetrimmingmouthtopreventwaterevaporationandnutrientconsumption.Forthebigtreesinthefullfruitstage,choosetokeepfullandleafyflowerbuds,andremovethethinandleafyflowerbuds.Accordingtotheratioofgrowingshootsandfruitingshootsat3:1,theloadbecomesmorereasonable.Forlargetreeswithalotofflowers,weakbranchesandweakbudsshouldbeproperlythinnedout,morestrongbranchesandstrongbudsshouldbekept,andsenileandover-densifiedbranchesshouldberenewed.Foryoungtreeswithfewflowerbuds,keepmoreflowerbudsandthinoutthenutritiousbranches;winterpruningshouldbecoordinatedwiththeclearingofthegarden.Inadditiontotakingoutthesickandweakbranchesandburningthem,thegeneralspraytreeprotectiongeneraldisinfectionandsterilizationofthewholegardenshouldbecarriedout.Protectthetreetosurvivethewintersafely.

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