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Central District



Populationandresidents

Itonlyaccountsfor3.8%ofRussia’sterritory,butithasapopulationofmorethan14inthecountry-37,142,300,themainethnicgroupbeingRussiaEthnicgroups,aswellastheBelarusian,UkrainianandMoldovanethnicgroups.

Naturalenvironment

ThecentralareaislocatedinthemiddleeastoftheEasternEuropeanPlain,withanelevationofabout200meters,flatterrainandlargecultivatedland.TheDonRiver,VolgaRiver,andMoskvaRiverarethemainriversinthisarea,buttheirflowrateisrelativelyslow,andtheyareimportantnavigableriversinRussia.TheRybinskReservoiristhelargestlakeintheCentralRegion,theeighthlargestandthesecondlargestman-madelakeinEurope,withanareaof​​4,580squarekilometers.TheclimateintheCentralRegionisatemperatecontinentalclimatewithanaverageannualrainfallof400-600mm.TheaveragetemperatureinJulydoesnotexceed22degreesCelsius,andinJanuaryitisbelowminus10degreesCelsius.Naturalresourcesarenotabundant,andtherearesomenon-metallicminerals,suchasmineralsusedintheproductionofcementandotherbuildingmaterialsandrawmaterialsfortheporcelainindustry.ThereservesofgypsumresourcesandconstructionsandintheCentralEconomicZoneareamongthebestintheRussianFederation.SomeligniteisproducedinthesuburbsofMoscowandTulaOblast,butthequalityofthecoalisnotgood.

Economy

IntheindustrialdevelopmentoftheCentralEconomicZone,themachinemanufacturingindustryoccupiesthefirstplace,andtheelectricpowerandchemicalindustriesdeveloprapidly,butthelightindustryaccountsfortheproportionoftotalindustrialoutputyearbyyear.Decline.

Thelaborforceworkinginthemachinerymanufacturing,metalcuttingprocessingandpetroleumprocessingsectorsintheCentralEconomicZoneaccountsfor3/4ofthetotalnumberofindustrialemployees.IntheCentralEconomicZone,therearemanylargeenterprisesthatdominatemachinerymanufacturing,chemicalindustry,petrochemicalindustry,andlighttextileindustry.Theyproduceanaverageof35,000tractors(VladimirCity)and5,000truckcranes(Ivan).NovoCity),13,000metalprocessinglathes(RyazanOblast,MoscowOblast),74,000cars(MoscowOblast),184,000tonsofchemicalfibers(MoscowOblast,RyazanOblast,TverOblast),andmorethan1.9billionsquaremetersofwool,Cloth,linenandsilkfabrics.

The"GreenTown"andSheremetyevoAirportinthesuburbsofMoscowhavebeenopenedupasfreeeconomiczones,butthepreferentialpoliciesforforeigninvestmentinthezonearestillunclear.AgricultureintheCentralEconomicZoneisrelativelydeveloped.TheyieldofcropsperhectareismorethandoubletheaverageoftheformerSovietUnion.Animalhusbandryandbreedingarealsorelativelydeveloped.Ofthearablelandarea,1/2isusedtoproducefood,1/3isusedtoproducefeed,andtheothersareusedtoproducecashcrops.

ThetotalagriculturaloutputvalueoftheCentralEconomicZoneranksfirstamongtheeconomiczonesoftheRussianFederation,especiallytheoutputofmilk,meat,eggs,potatoesandvegetables.However,duetothesmalllandandlargepopulationintheCentralEconomicZone,foodisnotyetfullyself-sufficient,andalargeamountofmeat,milk,grain,vegetablesandfruitsarestillimportedfromotherregionseveryyear.

Thearea’spromisinginvestmentdirectionsare:clothing,shoemaking,dailynecessities,furniture,carriages,automobiles,electricmotors,machinetools,metallurgicalindustry,printingindustry,glass,porcelainandceramicindustries,technology-intensiveandImportsubstitutionindustry,breedingandplanting.

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