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Tuoli County



ThesynonymTuoli(TuoliCounty,XinjiangUygurAutonomousRegion)generallyreferstoTuoliCounty.

History

EarlyHistory

ToliCountyhasbeenlocatedintheWesternRegionssinceancienttimes,duringtheQinandHanDynasties,ThecountyisanomadiclandofmanyethnicgroupssuchastheXiongnu,Serbian,Wusunandsoon.

IntheWesternHanDynasty,itbelongedtotheProtectorateoftheWesternRegions.DuringtheEasternHanDynasty,theHangeneralDouXiansmashedtheXiongnu,andtheXianbeipeopletransferredtotheirland.ThecountybelongedtothepastureoftheXianbeiregime.

DuringtheWei,Jin,SouthernandNorthernDynasties,itbelongedtotheRouranregimeandtheTurkicKhanatesuccessively.

IntheSuiDynasty,itbelongedtotheWesternTurkicKhanate.

Twenty-threeyearsofTangZhenguan(649years),theYaochiDuduMansionwasestablishedinTangDynasty,underthejurisdictionofAnxiDuhufu,andTuoliwasunderitsjurisdiction.

InthefirstyearofYanqingintheWestLiaoDynasty(1124),YeluDashiproclaimedtheemperorinYemili,andYanqingwasfoundedintheYuanDynasty.TheTuoliareawasunderthejurisdictionofXiliao.

Inthe21styearoftheMongolTaizu(1227),TuolibelongedtothefiefofGenghisKhan'sthirdsonWoKuotai.

Inthethirty-fifthyearofWanliofMingDynasty(1607),TuolibelongedtothenomadiclandofTurhute.

Inthetwenty-seventhyearofQianlongintheQingDynasty(1762),TuoliwasunderthejurisdictionofGeneralYili.

IntheseventhyearoftheRepublicofChina(1918),TuoliwasunderthejurisdictionofEminCounty.

Inthe34thyearoftheRepublicofChina(1945),itwasunderthejurisdictionofEminCounty,theTachengCommissioner'sOfficeoftheRevolutionaryGovernmentofthe"ThreeDistricts".

OnApril30th,inthe38thyearoftheRepublicofChina(1949),KelibanCountywasseparatedfromEminCounty,whichbelongedtothe"ThreeDistricts"RevolutionaryGovernmentTachengSpecialAdministration.

AfterthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina

InJuly1950,KelihalfcountywasrenamedKeliCentralDistrictandwasunderthejurisdictionofTachengPrefecture.

InOctober1952,KeliCentralDistrictwasabolishedandTuoliCountywasestablished.TheTuoliCountyCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaandthePeople'sGovernmentofTuoliCountywereestablished.

InSeptember1954,IliKazakhAutonomousPrefecturewasestablished,andTuoliCountyisunderthejurisdictionofTachengPrefectureofIliKazakhAutonomousPrefecture.

OnApril1,1956,theTuoliCountyPeople’sGovernmentwasrenamedtheCountyPeople’sCommittee.

OnMarch26,1970,theTuoliCountyRevolutionaryCommitteewasestablished.

InJuly1981,theTuoliCountyRevolutionaryCommitteewasabolishedandtheTuoliCountyPeople’sGovernmentwasrestored.

Administrativedivisions

Divisionalevolution

OnApril30,1949,theTachengSpecialAdministrationtooktheeighth,ninth,andtenthdistrictsofEminCountyMinCountywasseparatedintoKeliBanCounty,with3districtsunderitsjurisdiction.

InJuly1950,KelihalfcountywasrenamedKeliCentralDistrict.

InOctober1952,TuoliCountywasestablished,with5districtsand30townshipsunderitsjurisdiction.

In1956,aranchwasbuilt.InSeptember1958,districtsandtownshipswereremoved,5districtswererebuiltand5people’scommuneswererebuilt,and30townshipswererebuiltand28productionbrigadeswererebuilt.

InMarch1960,theFive-StarPeople’sCommunewasplacedunderYuminCounty.

In1984,thecommunitywaswithdrawnandthetownshipwasbuilt.In1990,TuoliCountygoverned4townships,3towns,4pastures,1farmand2forestfarms.Thereare40administrativevillages,7residents'committees,and1villager'scommitteeunderthejurisdictionofthetownshipandtownship.

InJanuary2001,itwaswithdrawnandmergedintotowns.

InMay2007,theTuoliCountyPeople’sGovernmentmadeadecisiontorevoketheGarbasFarmestablishmentandtransferred3villageswithinthejurisdictionoftheformerGarbasFarmtothemanagementofDoratTownship,andtheDoratTownshipGovernmentMovedtotheformerofficeoftheGarbasFarmManagementCommittee.

Zoningdetails

Asof2011,TuoliCountyhasjurisdictionover3townsand4townships,namelyTuoliTown,TiechanggouTown,MiaoergouTown,KufuTownship,andDuolaTeTownship,WuxueteTownship,AkbelidouTownship;ithas66administrativevillagesand10communities(residentcommittees)underitsjurisdiction.

GeographicalEnvironment

Location

ToliCountyislocatedinthenorthwesternpartofXinjiangUygurAutonomousRegion,JunggarOnthewestsideofthebasin,thesoutheastoftheTa'eBasin,theinnergeographyoftheEurasiancontinent.TotheeastisKaramayCity,tothewesttoYuminCounty,tothesouthtoWusuCity,JingheCounty,andBoleCity,totheeasttoKaramayCityandBuxelMongoliaAutonomousCounty,tothesouthwesttotheRepublicofKazakhstan,andtothenorth.AtthejunctionofMinCounty.TuoliCountyislocatedat44°58'~46°24'northlatitudeand82°28'~85°20'eastlongitude.Theborderlineisabout58kilometerslong.Thecountyis221.6kilometerslongfromeasttowest,159.3kilometerswidefromnorthtosouth,withatotalareaof​​21,300squarekilometers.ThecountytownofTuoliis512kilometersawayfromUrumqi,thecapitaloftheautonomousregion,703kilometersawayfromYining,thecapitalofIliKazakhAutonomousPrefecture,and123kilometersawayfromTacheng,theregionalresident.

Topography

ToliCountyisbroadfromeasttowest,narrowfromnorthtosouth,andbelongstothewrinklebeltofthewesternedgeoftheJunggarplatform,consistingofthreeflattops:Barruk,Mayil,andJiayier.Mountainscomposition.Theterritoryismountainous,accountingfor77.68%ofthetotalareaof​​TuoliCounty.Theterrainishighinthesouthandlowinthenorth,descendinginsteps,withanaverageelevationof1,500meters.Accordingtothetopographiccharacteristics,itcanbedividedintothreetypesoflandforms:mountains,slopingplains,andvalleys.Mountainscanbedividedintosub-alpinebelts,middle-lowmountainbeltsandhills.Middle-lowmountainbeltsandhillscanonlybeusedaswinterpasturesorspringandautumnpastures.Theslopingplaincanbedividedintotwoparts,thesouthandthenorth.

Geology

TheexposedstratainTuoliCountyarediverse.ThePaleozoicstrataarewidelydistributed,mainlybelongingtotheOrdovician,Silurian,Devonian,andCarbonseries.TheMesozoicstrataaremainlydistributedinTiechanggouandBaiyangRiverValley,belongingtotheJurassicandCretaceous.TheJurassicbelongstothecoal-bearinglayerofcontinentallacustrinesediments,andtheCretaceousbelongstothelacustrinefaciesstrata,whicharemostlydistributedintheJiayierMountainandtheMayileMountain.TheCenozoicstrataaremainlydistributedintheTuoliValley,theeasternpartofTiechanggou,andtheAkberidouarea,belongingtotheTertiaryandQuaternary.TheTertiarybelongstotheriver-lakefaciesstrata.Theoriginofthequaternarysystemismorecomplicatedandbelongstothecompanionstrata.Becauseitiscomposedofaeoliandepositsinrivers,lakesandmarshes,thethicknessofthesoilvaries.Thesoilisthickerinthenorth,andthinnerintheTuoliValleytotheBaiyangheareaintheeast.

Climate

TuoliCountyislocatedintheheartoftheEurasiancontinent,withatemperatecontinentalsemi-aridclimate.Thewinteriscoldandlong,andthespringheatsupquicklybutnotstable;thesummerisshortandcool,andtheautumntemperaturedropsquickly.Thereismoresunshinethroughouttheyear,witheasterlyandsoutherlywindsprevailing.Theannualaveragetemperatureis6.1℃.ThehottestmonthoftheyearisJuly,andthemonthlyaveragetemperatureis20.9℃;thecoldestmonthisDecember,andtheaveragetemperatureis-9.7℃.Thefrost-freeperiodis155days.Thetemperaturechangessignificantlyfromdaytoyear,andcoldairinvadesinautumn,winterandspring.Theprecipitationismainlyconcentratedinsummerandincreaseswiththeincreaseinaltitude.Theannualprecipitationis246.9mm.Theaverageannualrealnumberofsunshineis2803.5hours.ThefamousLaofengkouinXinjiangislocatedontheUrumqi-Tachenghighway,26kilometerssouthofTuoliCounty.Theeasterlyandwesterlywindprevailinwinter.

Naturalresources

Waterresources

TherearenoglaciersinTuoli,nosnowinmountainsalltheyearround,andthegeneralcharacteristicsofwaterresourcesarethattherearemanywatersourcesandsmallrunoff.Itisscatteredandwide,withstrongseasonality.Surfacewaterresourcesaremainlysnowmeltinmountainoushillsandatmosphericprecipitation.Thedryseasonsofwinterandsummeraremainlysuppliedbygroundwater.Thereare46gully-typeriversinTuoliCounty,withshortflow,smallwatervolumeandfastseepage;springwaterismostlyintheoverflowzoneoftheloweralluvialplain.Itrunsindependentlyandisdirectlyintroducedintotheirrigationarea.Theaveragetotalrunoffinanormalyearis55.782millioncubicmeter.ThetotalamountofwaterresourcesinTuoliCountyis354millioncubicmeters,theusableamountis224millioncubicmeters,andtheusedamountis83millioncubicmeters,ofwhichthetotalsurfacewaterresourcesare193millioncubicmeters,andtheactualutilizationofthecountyis134millioncubicmeters,ofwhich45millioncubicmetershavebeenutilized;thetotalamountofgroundwaterresourcesusedis161millioncubicmeters,theexploitablereservesareabout89millioncubicmeters,andtheexploitedvolumeis38millioncubicmeters.

LandResources

In2011,thetotallandareaof​​TuoliCountywas21,300squarekilometers,whichisapproximately2.13millionhectares.Amongthem,theareaof​​arablelandis26,700hectares,theareaof​​woodlandis221,100hectares,theareaof​​pastureandgrasslandis1.836millionhectares,andtheusablepasturehasreached1.1333millionhectares.

BiologicalResources

Inadditiontoexcellentdomesticanimalssuchassheep,cattle,horses,andcamels,TuoliCountyalsohasmorethan200speciesofwildanimals.Amongthem,thereare31speciesofbeasts,39speciesofbirds,20speciesoffishes,6speciesofamphibiansandreptiles,andmorethan150speciesofinsects.Animalsundernationalfirstandsecondprotectionincludesnowleopards,ibex,sables,swans,snowcocks,reddeer,yellowsheep,brownbears,etc.

Asof2011,therearemorethan1,400speciesofwildplants,includingabout1,300speciesofvegetationand150speciesofwoodyplants.Thetypesofeconomicalplantmedicinalmaterialsarerelativelyrich,about200kinds,andmorethan50kindshavebeendevelopedandused.Fritillaria,licorice,Cynomorium,Ephedra,Astragalus,Codonopsis,Cistanche(Dayun),Paeonia,etc.havelargeryields.Thetreespecieslistedasrareandprotectedincludespruce,Populuseuphratica,etc.,andplantsincludeXinjiangFritillaria,XinjiangAwei.

MineralResources

In2011,80%ofTuoliCountywaslocatedintheWesternJunggarmetallogenicbelt,withgoodminingconditionsandobviousdevelopmentadvantages.Themainmineralsarecoal,gold,chromium,iron,copper,granite,limestone,asbestosandother39kindsof416sites,ofwhichtheprovenchromiumorereservesareabout2.6milliontons,rankingfirstinthecountry;theprospectivereservesofgoldareabout500tons.

Populationandethnicity

Population

In2011,thetotalpopulationofTuoliCountywas97772(excludingthepopulationofthecorpsstationedinthecounty),andthetotalnumberofhouseholdswas28,656,ofwhichThereare12,599urbanhouseholds,16057agriculturalhouseholds(8210pastoralhouseholds),withanaveragehouseholdpopulationof3.4;ofwhich49,148aremalesand48,624arefemales;38,601arenon-agricultural,58931areagricultural,andnon-residents240people.Thenumberofbirthsthroughouttheyearwas1880,andthebirthratewas19.23‰;thenumberofdeathswas513,andthedeathratewas5.25‰;thepopulationincreasedby1,367,andthenaturalpopulationgrowthratewas13.98‰.

Nationalities

In2011,therewere26nationalitieslivinginthecounty,ofwhich72,992wereethnicminorities,accountingfor74.66%ofthetotalpopulation;theHanpopulationwas24,780,accountingfor25.34ofthetotalpopulation%;theKazakhpopulationis69780,accountingfor71.37%ofthetotalpopulation;theUygurpopulationis1,261,accountingfor1.29%ofthetotalpopulation;thepopulationofotherethnicgroupsis1,951,accountingfor2%ofthetotalpopulation.

PoliticalSystem

Toriken·Tielidane:DeputySecretaryoftheCountyPartyCommittee,CountyHeadoftheGovernment

LiJianguo:MemberoftheStandingCommitteeoftheCountyPartyCommittee,DeputyCountyHeadoftheGovernment

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LiDeming:MemberoftheStandingCommitteeoftheCountyPartyCommittee,DeputyCountyMayoroftheGovernment

Akbar·Rouzi:MemberoftheStandingCommitteeoftheCountyPartyCommittee,DeputyCountyMayoroftheGovernment

CaiYusheng:MemberoftheStandingCommitteeoftheCountyPartyCommittee,DeputyGovernmentCountyChief

QinQingtao:DeputyCountyChiefoftheGovernment

NurlanBechker:DeputyCountyChiefoftheGovernment

XiaoZhong:DeputyCountyChiefofScienceandTechnologyoftheGovernment

ZhongYunxia:DeputyCountyMayoroftheGovernment

YersenUrazbai:DeputyCountyMayoroftheGovernment

EconomicDevelopment

Summary

In2011,TuoliCountyachievedaGDPof3.057billionyuan,anincreaseof17.1%over2010;theadjustmentofthethreeindustrialstructureswas11:72:17;thegeneralbudgetrevenueoflocalfinancewas201millionyuan,comparedwith2010.Theannualgrowthratewas30.6%;thetotalsocialinvestmentinfixedassetswas1.472billionyuan,anincreaseof43.67%over2010;thepercapitadisposableincomeofurbanresidentswas12,426yuan,andthepercapitanetincomeoffarmersandherdsmenwas5,153yuan,anincreaseof10.6%and17.3%respectivelyover2010.

InOctober2017,TuoliCountypassedthenationalspecialevaluationandinspection,andwasformallyapprovedbytheXinjiangAutonomousRegionPeople’sGovernmenttowithdrawfrompoverty-strickencounties.

Primaryindustry

In2011,theend-of-yearlivestockinventoryofTuoliCountywasstableat656,000,andtheslaughterrate,commodityrate,andend-of-yearinventoryratereached81.2%and74.4%,respectively.Theimmunizationrateofmajoranimaldiseasesreached100%,400householdsofsettledherderswerenewlyadded,18largelivestockcolddistributionstationswereopened,and7,450cold-mixedcattlewerecompleted.Thepercapitanetincomeoffarmersandherdsmencomesfromanimalhusbandryaccountingfor53%.Thetotalsownareais365,600mu,including115,000muofwheatand150,000muofhigh-efficiencyeconomiccrops.Thereare108improvedarchedroundgreenhousesof54mu,39newsolargreenhouses,and32,000muofagriculturalefficientwatersaving.Therewere11newruraleconomiccooperationorganizations,110ruralbrokers,and7.51millionyuaninsubsidies.Thereare210,000muofinsuredcropsand3,304farmers.10,400surplusrurallaborersweretransferred,andlaborincomewas38.67millionyuan.

SecondaryIndustry

In2011,theindustrialaddedvalueofTuoliCountycompleted1.803billionyuan,anincreaseof17.5%over2010.Thestrategicdeploymentof“recruitinglargeandstrong”wasimplemented,19investmentpromotionprojectswereimplemented,withatotalinvestmentof3.42billionyuanand1.36billionyuanoffundsinplace.

TheTertiaryIndustry

In2011,thetotalretailsalesofconsumergoodsinTuoliCountywas266millionyuan,anincreaseof16.9%over2010.Itreceived70,000tourists(times)andrealizedtourismincomeof14millionyuan,anincreaseof11.1%and30%respectivelyover2010.

Trafficconditions

In2010,TuoliCountyinvested4.2millionyuantobuild6.1kilometersofimportantruralroadsand20.6kilometersofgeneralruralroads(including9.6kilometersofS221line---Shaibar,2.1kmisthemainsmallroadwayinthecountyseat),withaninvestmentof4.94millionyuan.

TouriislocatedinthesouthernpartoftheTa'eBasin.ItisthetransportationhubandgatewayforthenorthfourcountiesoftheTachengareaandthe9thNong9thDivisionoftheCorpstoentertheJunggarBasin.ThereareTachengandKaramaywithin100kilometersofthecounty.Therearetwoairportsandtwonationalfirst-classportsinBaktu.Thecountytownsareonly150kilometersawayfromKaramaycityand110kilometersawayfromtheregionalcapitalofTacheng.ProvincialHighway221,ProvincialHighway318andProvincialHighway201runthroughtheentireterritory,andtheaccessrateofruralroadsinTuoliCountyis90%.

Socialundertakings

Technology

In2011,TuoliCountyinvested21.71millionyuaninappliedtechnologyresearchanddevelopmentfunds,organizedtheimplementationof51scienceandtechnologyplanprojectsatvariouslevels,andpatenttransformationprojects,andobtained46patentauthorizations.

Culture

In2011,TuoliCountyheldmorethan700eventssuchastheHundredDaysSquareCulturalCompetition,RedSongSociety,andCalligraphy,PaintingandPhotographyArtExhibition.

Education

In2011,TuoliCountyinvestednearly200millionyuanineducationfunds,accountingfor21.5%ofpublicfiscalexpenditures.Educationandteachingconditionshavebeencontinuouslyimproved,withaninvestmentof140millionyuan,anewkindergarten,andearthquake-resistantreinforcementandrenovationofanareaof​​30,000squaremetersforeducationandteaching.

Themainschoolsare:AktamuElementarySchool,TuoliCountyNo.1MiddleSchool,TuoliCountyNo.1PrimarySchool,WuxueteTownshipCentralSchool,TuoliNo.2MiddleSchool,AnimalHusbandryElementarySchool,DongfengThreeTeamsYeTeamPrimarySchool,TuoliCountyNo.3MiddleSchool.

Folkcustoms

Dongbula

Dongbulaiswidelyspreadonthegrassland,andtherearemanystyles,shovel-shapedwinterclothPullingiscalled"Abayi-styleDongbula",andhorse-spoon-shapedDongbulaiscalled"Jiangbulidongbula".Later,aftercontinuousreforms,thesetwostylesofdongbulawerecombined,anda"nationalnew-styledongbula"appeared.DongbulaisaweaponinAken'shands.Itcanbebothnarrativeandlyrical.Especiallywhenitdepictsanewlifeinthegrassland,thebrightmelodyisfullofstronggrasslandflavor.

AkenPlayingandSinging

AkenPlayingandSingingisalong-standingfolkartformoftheKazakhpeople.TherearetwoformsofAkenplayingandsinging:oneisthatAkenembracesDongbulaandsingsandsings.Thiskindofplayingandsingingmostlysingstraditionalnarrativepoemsandfolksongs;theotherisduet.Duetsingingischaracterizedbyimprovisation,withthenatureofasong,combiningeloquenceandsingingtogether,itisnotonlyrichinlife,butalsolivelyandlively.Thecontenttheysangcanberoughlydividedintofivecategories:carols,sadsongs,lovesongs,customsongs,andhumoroussongs.

Hada

TheofferingofHadaisalsoanoblecourtesyoftheMongolianpeople.WhenofferingaHada,thedonorbendsandholdsitwithbothhandsandhandsittotheotherparty.TherecipientshouldalsobendtotakeitwithbothhandsorbendtoletthedonorhangtheHadaaroundhisneckandexpresshisgratitude.

Honored

InMay2020,hewasselectedasthe"TopCountiesforSummerVacationinChinain2020".

ScenicSpots

TuoliCountyislocatedintheheartoftheEurasiancontinent.ProvincialHighway221andProvincialHighway318passthroughthecounty.Itisinthemiddleofthegoldenroute,connectingYili,Alashankou,Altay,Tachengtouristattractions.AlongProvincialHighway318,thereareAlashankouInternationalPort,ChatangInternationalHuntingGround,BarrukMountainTastNaturalForestFarm,ShaziNaturalPasture,WildRoseValley,LaofengkouWildFruitDitch,EurasianInnerGeographicalLandmark,LaoFengkouEcologicalPark,BaiyangheNaturalForestFarm,KongFansenMemorialPark,thesiteoftheBattleofTielekti,andRevolutionaryMartyrsMemorialParkaremajortouristattractions.

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