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Shatin



Characterexperience

In1904,hewasborninAnCounty,Sichuan.Openedaprivateschoolwhenhewas7yearsold.Inhisyouth,heoftentraveledinandoutoftownsandvillagesinnorthwestSichuan,andwasfamiliarwiththecorruptionoflocalwarlordsandgentry.

In1922,heenteredtheSichuanProvincialFirstNormalSchool.Duringthestudyperiod,heacceptedtheideasoftheMayFourthMovementandtheNewCultureMovementandlikednewliteratureandartextensively.In1926,aftergraduation,hewenttoNanjingandBeijing,butreturnedtoSichuanafterfailingtostudy.

Inthesummerof1927,hejoinedtheChineseCommunistPartyandengagedinrevolutionaryactivitiesinhishometown.Soon,theFebruary16tragedyoccurredinChengdu.Afterhidingforawhile,hewenttoShanghaiinexilein1929andmetAiWu(TangDaogeng),aclassmateoftheProvincialFirstDivision,andembarkedontheroadofliteraturetogether.In1931,afterwritingthefirstnovel"RussianKerosene",heandAiWuwrotetoLuXunforadviceonthesubjectmatterofhisnovel.

In1932,hepublishedacollectionofshortstories"ARouteOutsidetheLaw",andimmediatelyjoinedthe"LeftFederation"andbecameoneofthe"Left-wingLiteraryNewcomers".Later,hepublishedworkssuchas"DingCripple","IntheAncestralHall",and"ActingCountyChief",showingtheSichuanruralsocietythathereallyknows.In1937,hereturnedtoSichuanaftertheoutbreakoftheAnti-JapaneseWar.Intheautumnof1938,hewenttoYan'anwithHeQifangandBianZhilintoserveastheactingdirectoroftheLiteratureDepartmentofLuXunAcademyofArts.

Inthespringof1939,heaccompaniedMasterHeLongtoHebei,andsoonwrotethereportage"HeLong".ThearticledescribedtheheroismandbraveryoftheEighthRouteArmyandinspiredthenation'sdeterminationtoresistJapan.Atthispoint,ShaTing'screationreachedapeakperiod,andsoonhecreatedhislongmasterpiecetrilogy"GoldRush","TroubledBeast"and"ReturningHome".

In1940,hereturnedtoChongqingandpublishedashortmasterpiece"InHisFragrantHouseTeaHouse",whichmadeabittersatireontheintriguebetweentherulersoftheKuomintangruledareasovermilitaryservice.Otherworksatthistimeinclude"MagneticForce","TheCareoftheDirectoroftheJointSecurityAgency","TheStoryofOldSmoke",and"SmallViewsofKamchatka".

In1941,aftertheSouthernAnhuiIncident,hetookrefugeinthemountainousareaof​​hishometown,andwrotethreenovels,including"GoldRush","StoryoftheBeast","ReturntotheHome"andotherworks.Infightingcausedbytheevilgentryfightingforgoldminesinordertomakemoneyinthecountry.Theshortstoriesofthisperiodinclude"MasterFan","Howl",and"Doctor",etc.,expressingthenewthemesofthepeople'sstrugglefordemocracyandanti-civilwar.

In1949,thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasestablished.ShaTingservedastheleaderofthenationalandSichuanliterarycircles.Atthesametime,hecontinuedtocreate.Andpraisethenewtypeoffarmers.AndfocusonthepreparationoftheWestSichuanFederationofLiteraryandArtCirclesandtheSouthwestFederationofLiteraryandArtCircles.In1952,hejoinedtheChineseWritersAssociationandwastransferredtotheDeputyDirectoroftheCreationCommitteeoftheBeijingChineseWritersAssociationinthesameyear.In1955,afterreturningtoSichuan,heservedasthechairmanoftheSichuanFederationofLiteraryandArtCirclesandconcurrentlytheeditor-in-chiefof"Grassland".

From1956to1966,thecreationwasembarrassed.Someworkswereinfluencedbytherural"Left"guidingideologyanddeviatedfromthetruenatureoflife.Eventheoriginalliterarylanguagesystemwasmessedupandmixed.Boringnewspaperlanguageandcadre'stone;heisnotunconsciousofhisownsituation,andhasconfidedinhisdiaryof"depression"and"worries"morethanonce.

In1962,duringtheadjustmentofliteraryandartisticpoliciesandliterarythoughts,healsofeltstronglythatheshouldwriteaboutthethemesthathadbeenbrewedformanyyearsandweresuretobesure.However,whentheeighthCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaAfterthemeetingemphasizedtheuseofclassstruggleasthekeylink,heputasidehismatureplansandwenttothecountrysideto"searchfor""newtrendsinclassstruggle"andwritethosefalseandsuperficialworks.

Duringthe"CulturalRevolution",ShaTingwasslanderedasa"blackcadreinthe1930s","bigbossoftheprovince'sliteraryandartisticblackline","memberofthe'Sanjiadian'",etc.,andsufferedmanycriticisms.,Ransackinghishomeandimprisoning,buthealsowroteliterarymemoirswhilewritingnovelettessuchas"Qingypo","MuyuMountain",and"RedRockBeach".

In1976,the"CulturalRevolution"endedandthe"GangofFour"wassmashedandre-written,andsuccessivelypublishednovella"Qingyapo","MuyuMountain"and"RedRockBeach".In1978,hewastransferredtoBeijingtobethedirectoroftheInstituteofLiteratureoftheChineseAcademyofSocialSciences;heledwritersandresearcherstovariousplacesforinvestigationandresearch.Itwasnotuntil1980thatheresignedasthedirectoroftheInstituteofCulturalStudies.In1979,hewaselectedasthevicechairmanoftheChineseWritersAssociation.Inthe1980s,hewrote"Memoirs".Inhistwilightyears,hereturnedtoChengdu,Sichuan,anddiedonDecember14,1992.

Personallife

ShaTing’sfatherisYangYizhi,acowardlyscholar,andastrongbelieverinetiquette.InShaTing'sownsporadicmemory,hisfatheralwayswearsaQingDynastyrobeandlookslikeheissittingupright.In1909,ShaTing'sfatherdiedofillness.Fromthenon,themotherindependentlysupportedtheportal.Themother'sworldalsoconstitutesShaTing'schildhood.

ShaTing’smother’ssurnameisZhengandhernameisMiaozhen.TheZhengfamilywasoriginallyfromaprosperousethnicgroup.Hismother'suncleZhengXiangyuanwasawell-knownpersoninAnxianCounty.HeonceservedasanofficialinHuamachi,Gansu.

ShaTing’snanny,surnamedZhu,isfromYong'anTownship.ShehasbeenwithShaTingforthelongesttime,andshestillstaysathishomeafterweaning.ShaTinggrewupeatingAuntZhu'smilk.Whenshewasachild,sheoftenaskedhertoaccompanyhimtoplayonthestreet.

ShaTing’suncleisZhengMuzhou,whosescientificnameisShibin.Heistallandactive.Sincechildhood,helovestofightinjustice.HeoftentakesShaTingtositintheteahouseonthestreet,listentosocialdramas,andwatchthefun.

Mainworks

Name

Time

Genre

PublishingHouse

"LinesOutsidetheLaw"

1932

ShortstoryCollectionofnovels

ShanghaiXinkenBookstore

"Love"

1935

Shortstorycollection

TianmaBookstore

"SoilCake"

1937

Collectionofshortstories

CulturalLifePublishingHouse

"Misery"

1937

Shortstorycollection

CulturalLifePublishingHouse

"SuijunSanji"(alsoknownas"RememberingtheDragon")

1940

Prose

KnowledgePublishingHouse

"MagneticForce"

1942

Collectionofnovelsandessays

SanhuBookstore

"GoldRush"

1943

longnovel

CulturalLifePublishingHouse

"SmallTownStorm"

1944

Shortstorycollection

OrientBookstore

"StrangeJourney"(alsoknownas"CrossingPass")

1944

NovelNovel

TodayPublishingHouse

"StoryoftheSleepyBeast"

1945

Fiction

XindiPublishingHouse

"TheSower"

1946

Shortstorycollection

HuaxiaPublishingHouse

"BeastRoad"

1946

ShortStoryCollection

QuanyiPublishingHouse

"Woohoo"

1947

Collectionofshortstories

XinqunPublishingHouse

"ReturningHome"

1948

Fictions

CulturalLifePublishingHouse

"SmallViewofKamchatka"

1948

ShortstoriesCollection

CulturalLifePublishingHouse

《Doctor》

1951

Shortstorycollection

HaiyanBookstore

"ShadingShortStoriesCollection"

1953

Shortstorycollection

People'sLiteraturePublishingHouse

"ShadingSelectedWorks"

1959

Shortstorycollection

People'sLiteraturePublishingHouse

"Transition"

1959

Collectionofnovelsandessays

WritersPublishingHouse

"Grandfather'sStory"

1963

Collectionofshortstories

ShanghaiLiteratureandArtPublishingHouse

《青㭎坡》

1978

NovelNovel

People'sLiteraturePublishingHouse

"TransitionCollection"

1979

Collectionofnovelsandessays

People'sLiteraturePublishingHouse

《JianaiCollection》

1980

p>

Collectionofnovelsandessays

SichuanPeople'sPublishingHouse

SelectedWorksofShaTing(Volumes1-4)

1982-1984

Selectedworks

SichuanPeople’sPublishingHouse

"75daysbehindenemylines"

1983

Diary

SanlianBookstore

"Muyushan"

1984

Novelles

ShanghaiLiteratureandArtPublishingHouse

"Shading"

1984

SelectedWorksofNovels

HongKongSanlianBookstore

"SelectedWorksofShaTing"

1985

SelectedWorks

SichuanChildren'sPublishingHouse

TheCollectedWorksofShaTing(Volumes1-4)(Notallpublished)

1986-1988

Collections

ShanghaiLiteratureandArtPublishingHouse

"SuishuiTenYears"

1987

Memoirs

p>

SanlianBookstore

"RedRockBeach"

1987

NovelNovel

HunanLiteratureandArtPublishingHouse

"AfterGettingOutoftheBullpen"

1987

Novelles

WritersPublishingHouse

"MiscellaneousNotesandMemories"

1988Year

ProseCollection

ChongqingPublishingHouse

Referencematerials:

Publishingbooks

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    Creativefeatures

    Themeofthework

    ShaTing'sworks(4photos)

    ShaTingusestheruralnorthwesternpartofSichuanthatheisfamiliarwithasthebackground,includingthegreatperiodofgreatturbulencefromtheLandRevolutionmovementafterthe1920stothefoundingofNewChina,andisengravedwithadistinctivemarkofthetimes.PayingattentiontothetragicfateoffarmersinruralareasofSichuan,exposingandridiculingthedecayandrampantnessoftheruralgrassrootsregimesandbulliesatthattime,expressingsympathyfortheintellectualswhohavefallentothebottomofsociety,andtrulyconveyingthecommonpeople’sdesireforpeaceandoppositiontocivilwar.voice.

    Inthechoiceofsubjectmatter,ShaTingaskedLuXunforadvice.LuXunadvocatedtheversatilityanddiversityofthemes.UnderLuXun’sadvice,ShaTingalwayschosethemostfamiliarandmeaningfulmaterialsinhisnovelcreation.Afterprocessingandrefining,heinterceptedthemostmeaningfulaspectoflifeandshowedThelifepicturescrollwiththecharacteristicsofthetimesreflectstheartisticcharacteristicsofrealism.

    Theshortstories"Traitors","Retreat",etc.,basedonthe1931"September18th"Incidentandthe1932"January28th"ShanghaiWar,exposingthenon-resistancepolicyoftheNationalistGovernmentatthattimeReflectingtheperilofthenation;shortstorycollectionssuchas"SoilCake","Misery","Sower",etc.,eitherexposetheinsidestoryoftheoldregime'smilitaryservicesystem,orcriticizethecorruptionanddarknessofthegrassrootsregime,oraccusetheauthoritiesofbloodycrimesthatmobilizetheauthoritiestoslashhumanlives,orridiculeThedespicableactionsoflandlords,tyrantsandgangsters;"TeacherFan"and"Howl",etc.,conveyedthecommonvoiceofthegeneralpublicforpeaceandoppositiontocivilwarafterthevictoryoftheAnti-JapaneseWar;"Doctor","DisasterSelection","Accidents",""AfterDrinking",etc.,showedthepanicofthelocaltyrantsandevilgentry,andthefiercenessoflocalofficialsinthelateperiodoftheWarofLiberation,indicatingthattheKuomintang'sreactionaryrulewasalreadyinaprecariousstate.

    Thesubjectmatterofthenovels"GoldRush","StoryoftheSleepyBeast"and"ReturningHome"arealsocommonpeopleandthingsintheruralareasoftheKuomintangControlledArea."GoldRush"usesaverycommongoldrushstorytofullyexposethefightingspiritoftherulingclass,thecorruptionoftheBaojiasystem,andthereactionarynatureoftheoldregime;"TheTaleoftheBeast"failedthroughasmallactingactivity.Itexpressesthemajorthemeofmobilizingtheauthoritiestosuppresstheanti-Japaneseactivities,andatthesametimeshowsthestruggleofagroupofruralintellectualsinthemidstofdepressing"beastsstillfighting";"ReturningHome"usesordinary"bambooshootincidents"toexplorethemesandthemesfromclass.OpposinganglesexposedthechronicdiseasesoftheWarofResistanceagainstJapanandpointedoutthecurrentmaladies.

    Artisticcharacteristics

    Charactershaping

    Intheshapingofthecharacterimage,ShaTinghastypicalpersonalities,clearforms,andtendencies.Unityofauthenticity.

    ShaTing’snovelsportrayedfourmaincharacters,namelypoorpeasants,pettybourgeoisintellectualsincountiesandtowns,countyofficials,localtyrantsandevilgentryinruralareas,andgangsters.Withthedevelopmentofcurrentpoliticsatthattime,somepositiveandpositivefiguressuchasleadingcadres,soldiers,revolutionaryintellectuals,youngstudents,freelancers,andenlightenedgentlemenintheanti-Japanesebaseareaswerealsoportrayed.Inthesedifferentcharacterimages,wecanseetheirclasscharacteristics,thatis,thecommonalityoftheclasstheybelongto,andatthesametimewecanseethedistinctive"livingpeople",thatis,theindividualityofdifferentcharacters.Itisnotonlyinclined,butalsodoesnotusecharactersasanillustrationofclass.Combiningthein-depthsummaryofthesocialandhistoricalnaturewiththetruedepictionoflifemakesthecharacter'spersonalityshapedistinctandprofoundsummarysignificance.

    Inshapingtheimageofnegativecharacters,itisbynomeansathousandpeople,norisit"caricatured"them,buttruthfullywrittenasrealcharactersinreallife.LikeLongGe,FangZhiguo,andPengTan,thedirectoroftheUNSecurityCouncil,theirpersonalitiesandimagesarequitedifferent:onehasbeenabandit,hasaroughandcrueltemperament,andisatactical"softandhardman"fromthegroup,andtheotherisabandit.Thesontakesontheroleofhisfatherandisanexperienced"oldriversandlakes";botharerurallocaltyrantsandevilgentry,andhaveafamilythatistoopoortoopenthepot,buttheyarestillthebrainsandnervesofthereactionaryregime.XingYao,whoishot-temperedandvulgar,isnoisy.ThereisDingXiangyue,whoisfulloffun,butforcedthesmallgrainfarmerstohanghimself;HeXi,alsothecountyhead,hasanoptimisticpersonality.Thereare"modelcountymagistrates"withoutrageouspersonalitieswhowereimprisonedforembezzlingmilitaryrations.Thereisathreatofrectificationofmilitaryservice,butinfactthe"newmagistrate"isthechiefculprit.

    Inshapingthepositivecharacterimage,theauthordoesnot"uplift"oradd"mythology"outofreality,butinaspecifichistoricalenvironmentthroughvariousspecificformsofcontradictionsandconflicts.Outlinetheiridentities,statusandrolesinlifeandstruggle,payattentiontorevealingtheuniquedestiny,characterandtemperamentofthesecharacters,showtheirlifestyle,mannersandexpressions,andtruefeelings,makingthecharactersvivid.SuchasFengDasheng("ReturningHome"),TeacherFan("FanLao"),PengChunshan("Doctor"),HeLong("SuijunSanji"),YuMing("CrossingPass"),etc.EspeciallywhenFengDashengreturnedhomeforalongtimeandlearnedthathiswifewasoccupiedandhislandwastaken,thesceneofraisinghisaxedesperatelywasthrilling,sorealandreasonable.HeLong,describedandportrayed,isaproletarianheroimagefulloflife,humaninterest,withoutlosingnoblesentimentandbroad-mindedness.

    ArtTechniques

    Intheuseofartistictechniques,ShaTing’snovelsuseunobtrusiveandobjectivedepictionsandimplicitironyinrealrealisticpictures.Exposure,withadeepandheavyironicaestheticstyle.

    ShaTingwasdeeplyinfluencedbyworkssuchastheChineseclassicnovel"TheScholars",andalsoinfluencedbyLuXunandRussianwritersGogolandChekhov'snovels,andlearnedfromtheirartisticexperiencetoformTwoofhisownironicartisticcharacteristics:oneisobjectiveandcalmironicbrushwork,gooduseofline-drawingtechniques,graspingthecharacters’uglymovementsandlanguagewithpsychologicalcontent,diggingintothecharacters’uglyandviciousstylefromthedepths,andplacingtheminthesurroundingsocietyExamineitinthecontextoftheenvironmentandthestateoftheworld.ThesecondisbasedontheruralareasinnorthwestSichuanastheculturalbackground,withthecharactersinthehometownasthecreativeprototype,excavatingtheordinaryandcommonhistoricaleventsandtheessentialcharacteristicsofthecharactersintheruralsocietyofSichuantoshowthecharacteristicsoftheentiresocietyandpoliticalcurrentabusesatthattime.

    ShaTing’ssatireisreal,coldandpungent.Itisoftenhiddeninsomepeculiarandwonderfuldetails,andhiddenintheportraits,styles,talksandlanguageofthecharactersinthenovel.ShehidestheneedleinMianli,andithitstheneedlewhereitisnotshowingoff,andherarelycomesforwardanddirectlypraises.Forexample,thedirectorofUNPROFORhandlesofficialdutiesinvarious"discretions",butinthenameofapportioningpublicdebt,theworkisquitenaturaltodescribethesecuritydirectorFangZhiguoandXingYaoquarrelingwitheachotherunderthefullviewoftheteahouse.Thedespicablebehaviorandthedirtyheartareexposedthroughmutualexposing.Attheclimax,thenewsbroughtbythericedealermakesadisputeimmediatelybecomeasenselesscomedy;themenacingnewcountymagistratethreatenstorectifythemilitaryservice,butFinally,foraridiculousreason,XingYaowasallowedtoquarrelwithhisson.Ontheonehand,LongGewasboastingabouthis“contributions”and“contributions”toBeidouTowninthepublic,whileontheotherhandhewasnervouslyrobbinghisson;WidowHeWhiletalkingabouthisownabilitytomanagethefamily,hisson'sracehasfallenintothehandsofevilforces;FangZhiguo,acorruptofficial,hasactuallyreceivedaplaquefromthecountymagistratefor"doingnothing".

    Thesedescriptionsarefullofsatiricalcomedy.Theauthordoesnotfocusonrenderingtheprotagonist’sdistortedfaceshape,butfocusesonsatirizingthesocialenvironmentthatcausedsuchdeformers,remindingpeoplenottosimplylookatthesingleTheuglinessoftheindividualrequiresmoredeepthinkingabouttheentiresocietyandhistorythatcausedthiskindofhumanity.Thiswilldeepenthedepthofthenovel'sthinkingandenhancetheartistryofthework.

    Usageoflanguage

    Intheuseoflanguage,ShaTing’snovelsaresuccinctandsimple,livelyandsimple,unobtrusive,rigorousandsimple.WithastrongSichuanregion'snativecolor.

    ShaTingisgoodatvisualizingthoughtsinasimple,vivid,andsimplemanner,hidinghisthoughtsinordinaryeventsthatarecasuallydescribed,formingakindof"ordinary"artisticrealm,whichembodiesprofoundnessintheordinary.Inthe"GoldRush",thescenewhereBaijiangdaninvitesHeRaceandLinYao'seldestsontohaveadrink,throughthedialogueaboutdrinking,impliesprofoundcontentandsubtlepsychologicalactivitiesofthecharacters.

    ThesuccinctlanguageofShaTing'snovelsisnotonlyshowninthetext,butalsointhebeginningandend.Atthebeginningoftheauthor'snovel,itisoftenshortandclear,andgoesdirectlyintothestory.Thebeginningof"DisasterSelection":"ThankGod!Thesecondfatherofthebamboosmithfinallyclimbedoverthewallandescaped!"Therewasnocommentonhowtheelectionbroughtthedisastertothefarmers.Thesecondfatherofthebamboosmithescapedoverthewallenoughtoattractpeople.thinking.Theendingofthenovelisalsocleanandintriguing.Forexample,attheendof"InQixiangjuTeaHouse",thestoryhasnotbeenfinishedyet,theauthorturnedhispen:"Whatdidyoudo?Doyouhavetoothache?Whyareyoureyesswollen?..."

    Asa"characteristicwriter",thesuccessofthenovelartisalsoduetothewriter'sproficientuseofSichuanfolklanguagetoacertainextent.TheauthordeliberatelyrefinestheSichuandialectandthenativelanguage,makingitasoundandcolorfulliterarylanguagethatcanbeappealedtotheauditory,whiledrivingfreely,makingthenarrative,describingthepsychologyanddialogue,allhumorousandlonglasting.Forexample,"Iwanttodigagoldendollwithahoe","eatbigoil","seetheskytoeat","playamother'shouse","stretchface","steponthethresholdofjade"andsoon.Theselanguages​​containthepeculiarSichuanpeople'ssimple,calm,strong,andhumoroustemperament.Theauthorseemstohavecomebyhand,makinghisworkssolid,mellowandold-fashioned.

    Characterevaluation

    LuXun,awriter,thinker,andrevolutionary:oneofthemostoutstandingleft-wingwriters.

    AuthorSunXiaofen:ShaTing’sworksareuniqueintheirstrongSichuancountryside.TheyareasfamousasAiWuinthemodernChineseliteraryworld,andtheyarebothabeautifullandscape.

    Sina.com:ShaTingusedarealisticapproachtoportraythedarklifeintheruralareasandtownsofSichuan.Hisexpressionwasrigorous,concise,andsubtle,showingacleartendencyinhisobjectiveandcalmdescription.Goodatsatire,concentratedplot,strongdrama,expressingfeelingsthroughthedescriptionoftherelationshipbetweencharactersinaspecificenvironment.Thelanguageoftheworksissimple,humorous,colloquial,andhasastronglocalflavor.

    "HuaxiMetropolisDaily":ShaTingisawriterwithauniqueartisticstyle.HisworksaremainlybasedonSichuantownsandvillages,usingcold,objective,revealing,satiricaltechniquesandsubtleanddeepartistictemperament.Describetherealsociety.Thetypicaldetailsofthecharactersaremeticulouslyportrayed,andthepicturesarefullofsocialcustoms.HeisgoodatdescribingthesocialcustomsinSichuan,renderingtheatmosphereofthescene,andcapturingthetypicaldetailsofthecharacters.Hisnovelsarefamousfortheirstrongsenseofhumorandstronglocalcolor.

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