hardware - technewscircle

Basiccomponents

Thecomputeriscomposedoffivelogiccomponents:arithmeticunit,controller,memory,inputdeviceandoutputdevice

arithmeticunit

Thearithmeticunitiscomposedofarithmeticlogicunit(ALU),accumulator,statusregister,generalregistergroupandsoon.

Thebasicfunctionsofthearithmeticlogicunit(ALU)arethefourarithmeticoperationsofaddition,subtraction,multiplication,anddivision,logicaloperationssuchasAND,OR,NOT,XOR,andoperationssuchasshiftandcomplement.

Controller

Thecontroller(ControlUnit)isthecontrolcenteroftheentirecomputersystem.Itdirectsthevariouspartsofthecomputertoworkinacoordinatedmannertoensurethatthecomputerisorderlyinaccordancewiththepre-definedgoalsandstepsOperateandprocessinatimelymanner.

Thecontrollerfetchesinstructionsonebyonefromthememory,analyzeswhatoperationeachinstructionspecifiesandthestoragelocationoftherequireddata,etc.,andthensendscontrolsignalstootherpartsofthecomputerbasedontheresultsoftheanalysis,andcommandstheentireThecomputercompletestheoperationspecifiedbytheinstruction.

CentralProcessingUnit

CentralProcessingUnit(CPU),composedofarithmeticunitandcontroller,isanessentialcorecomponentinanycomputersystem.TheCPUiscomposedofanarithmeticunitandacontroller,whicharerespectivelyrealizedbyanarithmeticcircuitandacontrolcircuit.

Memory

Memory(Memory)isamemorydeviceinacomputersystem,usedtostoreprogramsanddata.

Alltheinformationinthecomputer,includingtheinputoriginaldata,computerprograms,intermediaterunningresultsandfinalrunningresultsareallstoredinthememory.Itstoresandretrievesinformationaccordingtothelocationspecifiedbythecontroller.Withthememory,thecomputerhasthememoryfunctionandcanensurenormaloperation.

Inputdevice

Adeviceforinputtingdataandinformationintoacomputer.Itisabridgebetweencomputersandusersorotherdevices.Theinputdeviceisoneofthemaindevicesforinformationexchangebetweentheuserandthecomputersystem.

Outputdevice

Theoutputdevice(OutputDevice)isacomputerterminaldevice,usedtoreceivecomputerdataoutputdisplay,printing,sound,controlperipheralequipmentoperation,etc.Italsoexpressesvariouscalculationresultdataorinformationintheformofnumbers,characters,images,andsounds.