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External instructions



Introductiontothefunctionsofcommonlyusedexternalcommands

DISKCOPY-entirediskcopycommand

1.Function:Copyfloppydiskswithexactlythesameformatandcontent.

2.Type:Externalcommand

3.Format:DISKCOPY[DiskLetter1:][DiskLetter2:]

4.Instructionsforuse:

1)Ifthetargetfloppydiskisnotformatted,thesystemwillautomaticallyselectformattingwhencopying.

2)Iftheoriginalfilesonthetargetfloppydiskarecopied,theywillallbelost.

3)Ifitisasingle-drivecopy,thesystemwillprompttoreplacethesourcediskandthetargetdiskinatimelymanner.Pleasepayattentiontodistinguishthesourcediskandthetargetdiskduringoperation.

FORMAT——Formattingcommand

Asweallknow,newlypurchaseddisksmustbeformattedbeforetheycanbeused.TheFORMATcommandcancompletetheformattingoffloppydisksandharddisks.Theformatis"FORMAT[driveletter][parameter]",forexample:"FORMATA:/S".Ithastwocommonparameters:

/Q:performquickformat;

/S:completetheformat,andcopythesystembootfiletothedisk.

Note:Thiscommandwillerasealldataonthedestinationdisk,sopleaseuseitcarefully.Ifanormalformatiscarriedout,thedataonthediskmaystillberestored,butif"/Q"isadded,itwillbemoredifficulttorestorethanthesky.

EDIT——editingcommand

Infact,itisatexteditingsoftware,youcanuseittoedittextfilesconvenientlyunderDOS,theformatis"EDIT[filename][Parameters]",itsparametersarenotparticularlyuseful,soIwon'ttalkaboutthemhere.

SYS--Systembootfiletransfercommand

ItcantransferseveralfilessuchasIO.SYStothedestinationdisksothatitcanbebootedandstarted.Theformatis"SYS[driveletter]"

ATTRIB--Fileattributesettingcommand

Throughthiscommand,wecanviewandchangetheattributesofthefile.Theformatis"ATTRIB[path][filename][parameter]",ifnoparameterisadded,thefileattributeisdisplayed.Itsparametersare"+?"and"-?","?"representstheattributecode,thesecodesare:"H"hidden;"S"system;"R"read-only,"+"meansgrant,"-"meansremoval.

XCOPY(Xcopy.EXE)--copycommand

Thiscommandisenhancedonthebasisof"COPY"andcancopymultiplesubdirectories.Ithasmanyparameters,butthemostcommonlyusedis"/S",whichcancopymultiplesubdirectoriesunderadirectory,and"/E"cancopyemptydirectories.Theformatis"XCOPY[sourcepath][sourcedirectory/filename][destinationdirectory/filename][parameter]".

SCANDISK--DiskScanner

Thiscommandisveryusefulinactualoperation.Itcanscanandrepairthedisk,andcansolvemostofthediskfiledamageproblem.Theformatis"SCANDISK[driveletter:][parameter]".Thefollowingareitsparameters:

/fragment[drivename:\path\filename]:UsethisparametertodisplaywhetherthefilecontainsIntermittentblocks,wecansolvethisproblembyrunningDiskDefragmenter;

/all:checkandrepairalllocaldrives;

/autofix:automaticallyrepairerrors,thatis,Therewillbenopromptwhenrepairing;

/checkonly:onlycheckthedisk,notrepairerrors;

/custom:runScandiskaccordingtothecontentoftheScandisk.inifile,Scandisk.iniItisatextfilethatcontainsthesettingsfortheScandiskprogram.The[custom]blockisexecutedafteraddingthe"/custom"parameter.Userscanmakedifferentsettingsaccordingtotheirdifferentsituations;

/nosave:directlydeletethemissingclustersafterchecking,withoutconvertingthemintofiles;

/nosummary:donotdisplaythechecksummary,andexittheprogramdirectlyafterthecheckiscompleted;

/surface:Scanthedisksurfaceaftercompletingthepreliminaryinspection;

/mono:RunScandiskinmonochrome.

Wecanadddifferentparametersaccordingtodifferentsituations.Wecanexecute"scandisk/all/checkonly/nosave/nosummary"tocompletethediskcheckandexitautomatically.Inaddition,wecaneditthesettingsinthescandisk.inifile,andthenrun"scandisk/custom".Iftherearemanydamagedfiles,wecanuse"/autofix"torepairitautomatically,otherwiseitwillbetoobusyforyou.

CHKDSK(Chkdsk.EXE)-Diskcheckcommand

Itwillcheckthediskandwilldisplayadiskstatusreport.Theformatis"CHKDSK[driveletter:][parameter]",themostcommonlyusedparameteris"/F",whichcanrepairfileerrors.

MOVE(Move.EXE)--Filemovecommand

Useittomovefiles.Theformatis"MOVE[sourcefile][destinationpath]".Youcanalsousewildcards.

DELTREE(Deltree.EXE)--deletecommand

ThisisasuperenhancedversionoftheDELcommand.Itcannotonlydeletefiles,butalsodeleteallfilesinthespecifieddirectoryDeleteitalongwiththesubdirectories.Usingit,wecaneasilydeletethedirectorycompletely.Theformatis"DELTREE[file/path][parameter]",theparameterhasa"/Y",thesystemwillaskeachfilewhenitisused,anddeleteitafteranswering"Y".

FDISK(Fdisk.EXE)-partitioncommand

ThegeneralsyntaxofthecommandlineformatoftheFDISKprogramis:FDISK/parameterswitch,thefollowingistheirspecificfunctiondescription:

/ACTOK

Parameterfunction:Doesnotcheckwhethertherearebadsectorsonthedisksurface.Itcanpartitiontheharddiskdirectlywithoutdetectingwhethertherearebadareasonthedisksurface.

/CMBR

Parameterfunction:re-establishthemasterbootrecordfunctiondescriptionofthespecifieddisk.Theoperationisequivalenttothe/MBRparameter,exceptthatthediskcanbespecified.

/EXT

Parameterfunction:createanextendedpartitiononthecurrentdisk(usedtocreatealogicaldiskpartitionlater).

/FPRMT

Parameterfunction:inquireabouttheuseofFAT16orFAT32ininteractivemode.Whenthe/FPRMTparameterisadded,therewillnotbeaninquiryscreenwhethertosupportlarge-capacityharddisks.Instead,itwillaskwhethertouseFAT16orFAT32formateverytimeanewpartitioniscreated,sothatwecanmorefreelydividetheformatofeachdisk..

/LOG

Parameterfunction:createalogicalpartitionofadisk,use/LOGtocreatealogicaldisk,and/LOGmustbeusedwith/EXTatthesametime.

/LOGO

Parameterfunction:useFAT16formattocreatealogicalpartitionofthedisk.

/MBR

Parameterfunction:re-establishthemasterbootrecordofthemasterdisk(MasterBootRecord).AfteruninstallingWindowsNTorWindows2000,thesystemstartupoptionsrecordedinthemasterbootrecordareeliminated;whenavirusinfectsthemasterbootrecord,itisquiteeffectivetoremovethevirus.

/PRI

Parameterfunction:Createaprimarypartitiononthedisk,andthepartitionwillautomaticallybesettotheactiveform.

/PRIO

Parameterfunction:usetheFAT16formattocreatetheprimarypartitionandsetitastheactivationform.

/Q

Parameterfunction:Usingthe/Qparameterwilleliminatetheneedtorestartthecomputerafterchangingthepartitiontable.Thisisalsoamorepracticalfunction.IfyoustillneedtorunFDISKAfterrunningothersoftware,remembertousethisparameter.

/STATUS

Parameterfunction:Whenthereisnologicalpartitiononthediskextendedpartition,theextendedpartitionwillnotbedisplayed.

/X

Parameterfunction:Usingthe/XparameterwillnotproduceapartitionwithLBAattributes.

Oftheseparameters,/ACTOK,/MBR,and/Qarethemostcommonlyusedandpractical.Ingeneral,theseparameterswillmaketheFDISKprogrammorecomprehensive,buttheriskfactorofthesehiddenparametersisalsoverylarge,youshouldstilluseitwithcaution.

Operatingenvironment

Underwindowsordos.

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