Shenyang



Historicalevolution

Thirtythousandyearsago,therewerehumanactivitiesinShenyangduringthePaleolithicperiod.

7200yearsago,abranchoftheChinesenation(sunbirdtotemculture)farmed,fishedandhuntedhere,thrivedandthrived,creatinganewmusicculture.

In300BC,GeneralQinKaioftheStateofYanledhisarmytoexpelDonghuandbuiltawaitingcityhere.Asthenamesuggests,"Houcheng"isthecityoflookout,underthejurisdictionofXiangpingCounty,YanliaodongCounty.

In221BC,afterQinShihuangunifiedChina,theworldwasdividedinto36counties,andShenyangwassubordinatetoWangpingCounty,LiaodongCounty.

IntheHanDynasty,therearehistoricalbookscalledit"houcheng",whichbelongstoWangpingCounty,LiaodongCountyoftheHanDynasty.ItwasthegoverningofficeofthecaptaininthemiddleofLiaodongCounty,indicatingthatthe"houcheng"wasquitelargeintheWesternHanBig.

DuringtheThreeKingdomsperiod,GongsunduinLiaoningwassetupwithPingzhou,underwhichtherewereLiaodongCounty,ChangliCounty,XuantuCounty,LiaoxiCounty,LelangCounty,DaifangCounty,etc.Thecountywassetupasacounty.ShenyangbelongstotheXuantucountygovernmentoffice.

IntheGoguryeoperiod,itbelongedtothecityofLiaodong.

DuringtheTangDynasty,itbelongedtothe"Shenzhou"ofAnDongDuhu.

DuringtheFiveDynasties,YeluAbaojimovedtheHanpeopletothisplaceonalargescale,builtatucheng,andtheproductiondevelopedaccordingly,belongingtoShenzhou.

DuringtheJinDynasty,WanyanAguattackedandcapturedShenzhou,usingthename"Shenzhou".

InthethirdyearofYuanzhenintheYuanDynasty(1296),theTuchengwasrebuiltintheYuanDynasty,andShenzhouwaschangedto"ShenyangRoad",whichwasunderthejurisdictionofLiaoyangProvince.Sincethen,thename"Shenyang"hasformallyappearedinhistoricaldata,withahistoryofmorethan700years.

InthenineteenthyearofHongwuintheMingDynasty(1386),theMingDynastychangeditsnameto"ShenyangRoad"as"ShenyangZhongwei".

InthesixthyearoftheMandateofHeaven(1621),theQingarmycapturedShenyang.

InthetenthyearoftheMandateofHeaven(1625),QingTaizuNurhachimovedthecapitalfromLiaoyangtoShenyangZhongwei,andbegantobuildtheimperialpalaceinShenyang(nowShenyangImperialPalace).

InthefirstyearofTianCong(1627),EmperorTaizongoftheQingDynastyandEmperorTaijiexpandedthecityofShenyangonalargescaleandbuiltShengjingEightGatesinShenyang.

IntheeighthyearofTianCong(1634),EmperorTaizongoftheQingDynastyrespectedShenyangasthe"ShengJing",soitwascalled"ShengJing".

InthefirstyearofChongde(1636),MongoliareturnedtotheQingDynastyandusedwhitecamelstocarryMongoliansacredobjects—MahagaraGoldenBuddhaandChuanguoJadeSealtoShenyang.EmperorTaizongoftheQingDynastyorderedtobuildtheLotusPureLandShishengTemple.BecauseitwasthefamilytempleoftheQingimperialfamily,itwasalsocalledtheimperialtemple.

InthefirstyearofChongde(1636),theManchu,Mongolian,andHantribespresentedatableofpersuasion.HuangTaijiproclaimedhimselfemperorinShenyangandchangedthenametotheQingDynasty.

IntheeighthyearofChongde(1643),EmperorTaizongoftheQingDynastyorderedtheemperorofEmperorTaijitobuildfourtowersandfourtemplesintheeast,west,southandnorthwiththeancientcityofShenyangasthecenter.Toensurethat"FengGuoAnMin,FiveFusicome".

InthefirstyearofShunzhi(1644),aftertheQingDynastyZufumovedthecapitaltoBeijing,Shengjing(nowShenyang)becametheaccompanyingcapital.

BeginninginthefirstyearofShunzhi(1644),theQingdynastyimplementedanimmigrationincentivepolicyandallocatedpeoplefromvariousprovincesintheMainlandtocultivatehere.Sincethen,peoplefromHebei,Henan,Shandong,andShanxihavecomeheretosettledownandcultivate,andmostofthevillagesintheNortheastwereestablishedafterthefirstyearofShunzhi.

IntheeighthyearofShunzhi(1651),theQinggovernmentpromulgatedthe"RegulationsforReclamationofPeopleinLiaodong",whichstipulatedthat"everyfarmerswhomigratedshouldbeprovidedwithonebucketoffoodpermonth,andsixlitersofseedsperreclaimedland.Kenminloaned20cattleforevery100people,ofwhichthefoodandseedswillbepaidbackaftertheautumnharvest.""Whenevernewpeoplearerecruited,theywillbesenttothegovernmentandthecountyofficialswillbegiventworopestothefoundation,whichisaboutthirtyfeet(about30feet).Onthe2nd)inthewild,eachonewillgivefiveropes(25mu)ofland,anditwillalwaysbeacivilianindustry."

InthefourteenthyearofShunzhi(1657),FengtianPalacewasestablishedinShengjingCity(nowShenyang)withthemeaningof“FengtianCarryingTransport”.Shenyangisalsoknownas“Fengtian”.DuringtheQingDynasty,theShuntianMansionwasonlyestablishedinBeijing,andFengtianMansioninShengjingCitywasnamedalongwithit,whichshowsthehighstandard.

InthefifteenthyearofShunzhi(1658),theQinggovernmentstipulatedthat“dependingonthesizeofthecultivatedarea,thepromotionoflocalofficialsmaybedecided,orplaquesmaybegiventoshowpraise.”Thepolicyisveryfavorable.Manyvillageswererelocatedinmanyplaces,andsomelocalofficialsledthemtopromotetherelocation.ThisistheeventofthetransferofpeopleduringtheShunzhiperiodinthebook.TheancestorsofmanypeopleinShenyangweretransferredfromthepeopleduringtheShunzhiperiod..

InthesecondyearofKangxi(1663AD),the"LiaodongRecruitmentOrder"waspromulgated,whichstipulatedthat"100peopleinLiaodongshouldberecruitedwithoutanexamination,andtheywillberecruitedbythecountymagistrate."

InthefourthyearofYongzheng(1727),withtheincreasingimmigration,theQinggovernmentestablishedYongjiPrefectureinWulaCity,JilinProvince(nowJilinCity,JilinProvince),andNinggutaCity(nowNing'an,Heilongjiang)InTainingCounty,ChangningCountywasestablishedinBodune(nowNingjiangDistrict,SongyuanCity,thejunctionofInnerMongolia,Jilin,andHeilongjiang),andwasmanagedbyFengtianfu(nowShenyang).

InthethirdyearofXuantong(1911),aftertheRevolutionof1911,ShenyangbecamethecapitalundertheruleofZhangZuolin.

InthetwelfthyearoftheRepublicofChina(1923),theFengtianMunicipalOfficewasformallyestablished,andShenyangfirstappearedinthecity'sorganizationalsystem.

Inthe16thyearoftheRepublicofChina(1927),afterthe"August7th"meetingoftheParty,thePartyCentralCommitteedecidedtosendChentoformtheManchuriaProvincialCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinainordertounifytheleadershipoftheNortheastPartyorganization.

InSeptemberintheseventeenthyearoftheRepublicofChina(1928),theManchuriaProvincialInterimCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaconvenedthethirdpartymembercongressinShenyang.TheconferencedecidedtochangetheManchuriaInterimCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinatotheManchuriaProvincialCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina..ChenWeiren,LiuShaoqi,ChenTanqiu,LuoDengxianandotherssuccessivelyservedassecretaryoftheprovincialpartycommittee.

OnDecember29,1928,ZhangXueliangannouncedthattheNortheasthadchangeditsflag.

OnFebruary5thintheeighteenthyearoftheRepublicofChina(1929),thenameofFengtianProvincewaschangedtoLiaoningProvince,andonApril2nd,"FengtianCity"waschangedto"ShenyangCity".

InthetwentiethyearoftheRepublicofChina(1931),theJapaneseimperialistslaunchedthe"September18Incident"andinvadedShenyang.TheChineseAnti-JapaneseWarbrokeout,andtheJapanesepuppetschanged"ShenyangCity"to"FengtianCity.",AndthentheestablishmentofthePuppetManchukuo.

Inthethirty-fourthyearoftheRepublicofChina(1945),theAnti-JapaneseWarwasvictoriousandtheNortheastwasrecovered.Thename"FengtianCity"wasrestoredto"ShenyangCity".

ShenyangwasofficiallyliberatedonNovember2ndinthe37thyearoftheRepublicofChina(1948).

In1953,ShenyangwaschangedtoamunicipalitydirectlyundertheCentralGovernment.

In1954,ShenyangwaschangedtoacityunderthejurisdictionofLiaoningProvince.

In1964,theLiaoningProvincialPartyCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinadecidedtoestablishShenyangPrefecture.

In1993,FakuandKangpingCountyoftheoriginalTielingCitywereplacedunderthejurisdictionofShenyang,andXinminCountywasremovedfromthecountyandestablishedasacity.

In1994,Shenyangwasupgradedtoasub-provincialcity.

In2002,ShenyangEconomicandTechnologicalDevelopmentZonewasmergedintoTiexiDistrict.

In2006,ShenbeiNewDistrictwasestablished.

OnJune17,2014,withtheapprovaloftheStateCouncil,itwasagreedtochangethenameofDonglingDistrictofShenyangCitytoHunnanDistrict.

OnJanuary7,2016,withtheapprovaloftheStateCouncil(GuoHan[2016]No.6),LiaozhongCountywasrevokedandtheLiaozhongDistrictofShenyangCitywasestablished.Theoriginaladministrativeareaof​​LiaozhongCountywasLiaozhongTheadministrativeareaof​​thedistrict.

Administrativedivisions

Shenyanghasjurisdictionover13county-leveladministrativedistricts,including10municipaldistricts,1county-levelcity,and2counties.ThePeople'sGovernmentofShenyangCityislocatedatNo.206-3,ShenzhongStreet,HunnanDistrict.

MapofShenyangCity

Administrativedistrictname

Residence

Street

town

township

MinzuTownship

Area(squarekilometers)

Administrativedivisioncode

Postalcode

ShenyangCity

HunnanDistrict

112

53

11

5

12980

210100

110000

HepingDistrict

SouthMarketStreet

p>

10

-

-

-

61

210102

110003

ShenheDistrict

HuangchengStreet

11

-

-

-

53

210103

110011

DadongDistrict

JinqiaoStreet

10

-

-

-

105

210104

110041

HuangguDistrict

BeitaStreet

10

-

-

-

67

210105

110031

TiexiDistrict

DugongStreet

14

-

-

-

277

210106

110020

SujiatunDistrict

JiefangStreet

12

-

-

-

781

210111

110100

HunnanDistrict

ShenzhongStreet

12

-

-

-

793

210112

110179

ShenbeiNewDistrict

p>

XinchengziStreet

10

-

-

-

831

210113

110121

YuhongDistrict

WelcomeBinluStreet

10

-

-

-

499

210114

110141

LiaozhongDistrict

PudongStreet

4

16

-

-

1647

210115

110200

XinminCity

XinliuStreet

4

20

4

-

3315

210181

110300

KangpingCounty

ShengliStreet

3

5

3

4

2231

210123

110500

FakuCounty

JiangsuStreet

2

12

4

1

2320

210124

110400

GeographicalEnvironment

Location

ShenyangislocatedinthesouthernpartofNortheastChina,inthecentralpartofLiaoningProvince,connectedtotheLiaodongPeninsulainthesouth,andthefoothillsofChangbaiMountaininthenorth.ItislocatedintheBohaiRimEconomicCircleItisanimportantjunctionbetweentheBohaiRimandtheNortheast.Itislocatedbetween41°48′11.75″Nlatitudeand123°25′31.18″Elongitude,withatotalareaof​​12,866,000squarekilometers.

ShenyangCity

Landform

ShenyangislocatedinthemiddleoftheLiaohePlain,withthehillsandmountainsintheeastofLiaodong,andthehillsinthenorthofLiaobei.Theterrainisgraduallyopenandflattothewestandsouth.Transitionintoalargealluvialplain.Theterrainextendsfromnortheasttosouthwest,withbothsidesslopingtothemiddle.ThehighestpointisShirenMountaininLaoshigou,MagangTownship,ShenbeiNewDistrict,withanelevationof441meters;thelowestpointisQianzuojiaVillageinYujiafang,LiaozhongDistrict,withanelevationof5meters.ThetopographyofHuangguDistrict,HepingDistrictandShenheDistrictisslightlyundulating,andtheheightisbetween41.45meters.

ShenyangHunnanDistrictismostlyhillyandmountainous;therearesomehillsandmountainsinthenorthernpartofShenbeiNewDistrict,anditisgraduallyflattothesouth;SujiatunDistrict,exceptforsomehillymountainsinthesouth,isthesameasYuhongDistrictinmostareas.Itisanalluvialplain.MostareasofXinminCityandLiaozhongDistrictarealluvialplainsoftheLiaoRiverandHunRiver,withafewswampsandsanddunes,andsomehillsscatteredinthenorthofXinminCity.Theareaof​​thecity'slowmountainsandhillsis1,020squarekilometers,accountingfor12%ofthecity'stotalarea.Thepiedmontalluvial-proluvialslopingplainisdistributedonthewesternslopeoftheeasternmountainousarea,expandingtothesouthwest.

Shenyangmountainoushillsareconcentratedinthenortheastandsoutheast,whichisanextensionofthehillsofeasternLiaoning.TothewestisthealluvialplainsoftheLiaoheandHunherivers,andtheterraingentlyslopesfromeasttowest.Thecity'shighestaltitudeis447.2meters,inFakuCounty;thelowestaltitudeis5.3meters,inYujiafangTown,LiaozhongDistrict.TheeasternpartofShenyangislowmountainsandhills,andthecentralandwesternpartsarevastplains.Itslopesfromnortheasttosouthwest,withanaverageelevationof30-50meters.

Climate

Shenyanghasatemperatesemi-humidcontinentalclimatewithanaverageannualtemperatureof6.2~9.7℃.Since1951,thehighesttemperatureattheanodeendofShenyanghasbeen38.4℃(2018August2nd),theextrememinimumtemperatureinthecentralurbanareawas-32.9℃(January15,2001),andthelowesttemperatureinthesuburbsinrecentyearswas-35.4℃(ShenbeiNewDistrictonJanuary11,2001);ShenyangalsoobservedbeforeToahightemperatureof39.3°C(1920)andalowtemperatureof-33.1°C(1950).

Shenyanghasanannualprecipitationof600-800mm,andtheannualaverageprecipitationintheurbanareafrom1951to2010is716.2mm.Theannualfrost-freeperiodis155-180days.Affectedbythemonsoon,precipitationisconcentratedinsummer,withlargetemperaturedifferencesandfourdistinctseasons.Thewinterhasalongerperiodofcold,withlesssnowfallinthepastsixmonths.Themaximumsnowfallwasa47.0mmblizzardonMarch4,2007;thesummerperiodwasshorterandrainy.Therewasa215.5mmtorrentialrainonAugust21,1973..Thetemperaturechangesrapidlyinspringandautumn,andthedurationisshort:windyinspringandsunnyinautumn.

Hydrology

Thereare27largeandsmallrivers,suchasLiaoheRiver,HunheRiver,RaoyangRiver,LiuheRiver,PuheRiver,YangximuRiver,BeishaRiverandXiushuiRiver,inShenyangCity.TheLiaoheRiverandHunheRiverhavetotalwaterresourcesof3.26billioncubicmeters,ofwhichsurfacewateris1.14billioncubicmetersandgroundwateris2.12billioncubicmeters.

Naturalresources

Waterresources

TwothirdsoftherainfallinShenyangareconcentratedinJulyandAugust,andmostofthemfallintheformofheavyrain.Theannualrainfallis622.5millimeters,equivalentto8.08billionwaterresistance,theaveragetotalwaterresourcesformanyyearsis2.253billioncubicmeters.Theaveragetotalwaterresourcesintheterritoryformanyyearsare3.343billioncubicmeters,including1.3billioncubicmetersofsurfacewaterresourcesand2.368billioncubicmetersofgroundwaterresources.Theamountofrepetitivecalculationis325millioncubicmeters,andthecity’smulti-yearaverageavailablewaterresourcesare2.314billioncubicmeters,ofwhich380millionmillilitersofsurfacewatercanbeused,and1.934billioncubicmetersofgroundwatercanbeexploited.

MineralResources

Therearecoal,oil,naturalgas,ironoreandothermineralresourcesundergroundinShenyang.Thereare2largecoalfieldswithatotalprovenstorageof1.8billiontons.Asof2015,Shenyanghasprovenoilreservesof300milliontons,dailycrudeoilproductionofmorethan1,000tons,andironorereservesof25milliontons.Inaddition,therearemineralresourcessuchasaluminum,granite,andclay.

Biologicalresources

ShenyangislocatedattheintersectionoftheChangbaiflora,theMongoliafloraandtheNorthChinaflora.Thereareabundantplantspecies,including98families,371generaand779ofseedplants.Species,thelargestfamilyisCompositae.Thereare85speciesofplants,andmorethan20familiesincludeCyperaceae,Rosaceae,Leguminosae,Polygonaceae,Lamiaceae,LiliaceaeandRanunculaceae.Thereare384speciesofplantsinthesefamilies,accountingforthetotalnumberofseedplantsinShenyang.Of49.3%.Thisflorahas23typesofgeographicalcomponents,ofwhichtemperatenatureisdominant.Itaccountsfor89.3%ofthegeographicalcompositionofShenyangurbanarea.Accordingtotheoccurrenceandfunctionofvegetationandtheroleofconstructivespecies,urbanvegetationinShenyangurbanareaisdividedintothreemajorvegetationtypes,14vegetationgroupsand57vegetationtypes.

Population

Accordingtotheresultsoftheseventhnationalcensus,asofNovember1,2020,thepermanentpopulationofShenyangis90,700,93,whichisthesameasthesixthnationalcensusin2010.Comparedwith8,106,171people,atotalof963,922peopleincreasedin10years,anincreaseof11.89%.Theaverageannualgrowthrateis1.13%.

Amongthecity’spermanentpopulation,themalepopulationis4,521,021,accountingfor49.85%;thefemalepopulationis4,549,072,accountingfor50.15%.Thesexratioofthetotalpopulation(100women,theratioofmentowomen)droppedfrom102.10inthesixthnationalcensusin2010to99.38.

Amongthecity’spermanentpopulation,thepopulationaged0-14is1,033,638,accountingfor11.40%;thepopulationaged15-59is5,928,324,accountingfor65.36%;thepopulationaged60andaboveis2,108,131,accountingfor23.24%Amongthem,thepopulationof65yearsandoveris1,403,246,accountingfor15.47%.Comparedwiththesixthnationalcensusin2010,theproportionofpeopleaged0-14increasedby1.63percentagepoints,theproportionofpeopleaged15-59fellby9.57percentagepoints,andtheproportionofpeopleaged60andaboveroseby7.94percentagepoints.Theproportionofthepopulationofandaboveincreasedby5.10percentagepoints.

Thecityhasatotalof3,748,824familyhouseholds,199849collectivehouseholds,familyhouseholdswith8,172,935people,andcollectivehouseholdswith897,158people.Theaveragepopulationofeachhouseholdis2.18persons,0.47personslessthanthe2.65personsinthesixthnationalcensusin2010.

Nation

Duringthelonghistoryofdevelopment,Shenyanghasgraduallyformedamulti-ethnicsettlementwiththeHanasthemainbody.TheHannationalityisaresidentofShenyangsincethefoundingofShenyang(Houcheng).ThemajorityofethnicminoritiesareManchu,Korean,Hui,XibeandMongolian.ShenyangisthebirthplaceoftheManchudynasty.Since1625,AixinjueluoNurhachimovedtheHoujincapitalfromLiaoyangtoShenyang.AlargenumberofManchupopulationshavelivedinShenyang.TheKoreansareimmigrantswhowereforcedtomovefromtheKoreanPeninsuladuringWorldWarII.TheymovedtoShenyangthroughJilinandothercitiesandcountiesinLiaoning,mainlyintheWestTowerareaof​​Shenyang.AsearlyastheMongolandYuanDynasty,theHuipeoplehadtheirancestorsinShenyang.InthelateMingandearlyQingdynasties,theymovedfromGuanneitoformsmallagglomerationareas.Later,mostofthemmovedtoShenyangfromInnerMongolia,Fuxin,Chaoyangandothercities.

Accordingtothefifthnationalcensusin2000,Shenyanghas41ethnicminorities.Namely:Manchu,Korean,Mongolian,Hui,Xibe,Tujia,Zhuang,Yi,Miao,Uygur,Tibetan,Daur,Buyi,Dong,Bai,Li,She,Yao,Tu,Gaoshan,Qiang,Ewenki,Hani,Gelao,Russian,Hezhe,Dai,Kazakh,Mulao,Oroqen,Shui,Naxi,Lhoba,Maonan,Jingpo,Salar,Kirgiz,Jing,Lahu,Tajik,Dongxiang.

Asof2015,theminoritypopulationinShenyangwas7,05044,accountingfor9.79%ofthecity'stotalpopulation.Amongthem,383,376areManchu,accountingfor54.38%ofthecity’stotalethnicminorities;94,600areKorean,accountingfor13.42%;94,530areMongolian,accountingfor13.41%;72,811areHui,accountingfor10.33%;54,628areXibe,accountingfor7.75%;Theother36ethnicminoritiesare5,099,accountingfor0.72%ofthetotalnumberofethnicminorities.Thecityhas7neighborhoodswhereethnicminoritiesliverelativelydensely,8ethnictownships(towns)and256ethnicvillages.

ThedistributionoftheethnicminoritiesinShenyangshowsthecharacteristicsoflargedispersionandsmallconcentration.Asof2015,theManchusmainlyliveinHunnanDistrictandYuhongDistrict,withatotalof113,119people,accountingfor29.51%ofthetotalnumberofManchusinthecity.KoreansmainlyliveinHepingDistrict,YuhongDistrict,HunnanDistrictandSujiatunDistrict,withatotalof65,259people,accountingfor68.98%ofthecity’sKoreanpopulation.MongoliansmainlyliveinXinminCity,FakuCountyandKangpingCounty,withatotalof58,652people,accountingfor62.05%oftheMongolianpopulationinthecity.TheHuipeoplemainlyliveinShenheDistrict,HuangguDistrictandTiexiDistrict,withatotalof34,266people,accountingfor47.06%ofthecity'sHuipopulation.XibepeoplemainlyliveinShenbeiNewDistrictandYuhongDistrict,withatotalof29,503people,accountingfor54.01%ofthecity'sXibepopulation.

Economy

Overview

ShenyangisthelargestcentralcityinNortheastChinaandthecorecityoftheShenyangEconomicZone(ShenyangMetropolitanArea)underconstruction.LocatedinthecenteroftheNortheastAsianEconomicCircleandtheBohaiRimEconomicCircle,ithasacompleterangeofindustriesandhasanimportantstrategicposition.Shenyangisoneofthecountry'sheavyindustrialbasesmainlybuiltintheearlydaysofthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,withequipmentmanufacturingasthemainstay.Afterdecadesofdevelopment,Shenyanghas142industrialcategories.By2013,thereweremorethan4,000industrialenterprisesabovedesignatedsize,witharegionalGDPofmorethan700billionyuan.

InApril2016,ShenyangTechnologyIndustryDevelopmentZoneandDalianTechnologyIndustryZonewereupgradedtoShenyang-DalianNationalIndependentInnovationDemonstrationZone,becomingoneofthe14nationalindependentinnovationdemonstrationzonesinChina.ShendaDemonstrationZoneispositionedas"fourdistrictsandonecenter",namely,thehigh-endequipmentR&DandmanufacturingclusteroftheoldNortheastindustrialbase,thetransformationandupgradingareaof​​theoldNortheastindustrialbase,theinnovationandentrepreneurshipecologicalzoneoftheoldNortheastindustrialbase,andtheopeningandinnovationpilotareaof​​thenortheastoldindustrialbase,ScienceandTechnologyInnovationandEntrepreneurshipCenterinNortheastAsia.

In2020,thecity’sregionalproductionvaluewas657.16billionyuan,anincreaseof0.8%overthepreviousyearatcomparableprices.Intermsofindustries,theaddedvalueoftheprimaryindustrywas30.36billionyuan,anincreaseof2.9%;theaddedvalueofthesecondaryindustrywas216.04billionyuan,anincreaseof2.9%;theaddedvalueofthetertiaryindustrywas410.76billionyuan,adecreaseof0.6%.

Primaryindustry

In2020,thetotaloutputvalueofagriculture,forestry,animalhusbandryandfisheryinShenyangwillbe60.98billionyuan,anincreaseof2.8%overthepreviousyear.Amongthem:theoutputvalueofplantingindustrywas28.70billionyuan,anincreaseof2.5%;theoutputvalueofanimalhusbandrywas25.94billionyuan,anincreaseof3.1%;theoutputvalueofforestrywas960millionyuan,anincreaseof4.1%;theoutputvalueoffisherywas2.67billionyuan,anincreaseof2.6%;theoutputvalueofagriculture,forestry,animalhusbandryandfisheryservices2.70billionyuan,anincreaseof2.1%.Thetotalannualgrainoutputreached4.094milliontons,secondonlyto2019,thehighestinhistory.Theoutputofvegetablesincreasedsteadily,withatotaloutputof3.84milliontons,anincreaseof108,000tonsoverthepreviousyear.

Secondaryindustry

In2020,theaddedvalueofindustriesabovedesignatedsizewillincreaseby2.8%overthepreviousyear.Amongthem,theaddedvalueofhigh-techmanufacturingfellby1.8%,accountingfor9.3%oftheaddedvalueofindustriesabovedesignatedsize.

Fromtheperspectiveofscale,theaddedvalueoflargeandmedium-sizedenterprisesincreasedby3.0%,andtheaddedvalueofsmallandmicroenterprisesincreasedby2.1%.Intermsofeconomictypes,thevalueaddedofstate-ownedenterprisesfellby7.3%,thevalueaddedofjoint-stockenterprisesfellby0.1%,thevalueaddedofforeign,HongKong,MacaoandTaiwan-investedenterprisesincreasedby4.9%,andthevalueaddedofprivateenterprisesincreasedby5.5%.

Intermsofcategories,thevalueaddedoftheminingindustrydecreasedby12.1%overthepreviousyear,thevalueaddedofthemanufacturingindustryincreasedby2.9%,andthevalueaddedoftheelectricity,heat,gasandwaterproductionandsupplyindustriesincreasedby4.1%.Inthemanufacturingindustry,theaddedvalueoftheequipmentmanufacturingindustryincreasedby2.6%,accountingfor64.3%oftheaddedvalueoftheindustrialenterprisesabovedesignatedsize.Amongthem,theautomobilemanufacturingindustryincreasedby5.1%,thespecialequipmentmanufacturingindustryincreasedby16.5%,theelectricalmachineryandequipmentmanufacturingindustryincreasedby2.7%,andtheinstrumentandmetermanufacturingindustryincreasedby9.2%.

In2020,industrialenterprisesabovedesignatedsizewillachieveoperatingincomeofRMB539.83billion,anincreaseof2.1%overthepreviousyear;thecostperhundredRMBofoperatingincomeisRMB77.02,adecreaseofRMB1.56comparedwiththepreviousyear;Theprofitmarginwas7.06%,anincreaseof1.19percentagepoints.Attheendoftheyear,theasset-liabilityratioofindustrialenterprisesabovedesignatedsizewas64.7%,adecreaseof2.0percentagepointsfromtheendofthepreviousyear.

In2020,industrialenterprisesabovedesignatedsizewillachieveaprofitof38.13billionyuan,anincreaseof22.9%overthepreviousyear.Intermsofeconomictypes,state-ownedenterpriseslost90millionyuan,areductionof80millionyuan;joint-stockenterprises1.57billionyuan,anincreaseof1.7%,foreignandHongKong,MacaoandTaiwan-investedenterpriseswere36.61billionyuan,anincreaseof23.8%;privateenterpriseswere4.15billionyuan,anincreaseof24.5%.Intermsofcategories,theminingindustrysufferedalossof570millionyuan,anincreasefromthepreviousyear;themanufacturingindustrywas37.50billionyuan,anincreaseof26.7%;theelectricity,heat,gasandwaterproductionandsupplyindustrieswere1.2billionyuan,adecreaseof20.1%.

In2020,constructionenterprisesabovethequalificationlevelwillcompleteatotaloutputvalueof156.78billionyuan,anincreaseof8.3%overthepreviousyear.

Tertiaryindustry

Fixedassetinvestment

In2020,fixedassetinvestmentwillincreaseby4.1%overthepreviousyear.Fromtheperspectiveofthethreemajorsectors,manufacturinginvestmentincreasedby10.0%;realestatedevelopmentinvestmentincreasedby5.2%;infrastructureinvestmentincreasedby1.0%.Fromtheperspectiveofinvestmententities,investmentinthestate-ownedeconomyincreasedby9.9%;investmentinforeignandHongKong,MacaoandTaiwaneconomiesincreasedby5.6%;privateinvestmentincreasedby1.3%.Intermsofindustrialdistribution,investmentintheprimaryindustryincreasedby29.9%;investmentinthesecondaryindustryincreasedby2.4%,ofwhichindustrialinvestmentincreasedby1.7%;andinvestmentinthetertiaryindustryincreasedby4.0%.

MajorprojectssuchasSiasunRobotFutureCity,SailunTire,EvergrandeMotor,EvergrandeShenbeiHigh-techAgriculture,NorthwestLiaoningWaterSupplyProject,ChinaUnicom5GProject,ShenyangMetroLine3Phase1Project,etc.Commencedconstruction,ShenyangBrillianceBMWproductupgrade(DadongplantandTiexiplant),BrillianceRenaultJinbeiproductupgrade,ShenyangEvergrandenewenergyautoparts,ShenyangEvergrandenewenergypowerbatterybase,NorthernMedicineValleyBiopharmaceuticalInternationalCDMObase,MajorprojectssuchasSAIC-GMBuickChevroletandEvergrandeCulturalTourismCityareprogressingsmoothly.

Inthewholeyear,theconstructionareaof​​houseswas71.118millionsquaremeters,anincreaseof7.3%,ofwhichresidentialbuildingswere52.119millionsquaremeters,anincreaseof9.5%;thenewlystartedareaof​​houseswas16.302millionsquaremeters,anincreaseof24.5%,ofwhichresidentialbuildingswere11.935millionsquaremeters.Meters,anincreaseof20.9%;thecompletedareaof​​houseswas6.495millionsquaremeters,adecreaseof2.5%,ofwhichresidentialbuildingswere5.144millionsquaremeters,adecreaseof3.6%.Thesalesareaof​​commercialhousingwas13.813millionsquaremeters,adecreaseof5.0%,ofwhichresidentialhousingwas12.855millionsquaremeters,adecreaseof5.6%.

Domestictrade

In2020,thetotalretailsalesofconsumergoodswillbe363.76billionyuan,adecreaseof5.4%fromthepreviousyear.Intermsofregions,urbanretailsaleswere293.03billionyuan,down6.4%;ruralretailsaleswere70.73billionyuan,down1.1%.Intermsofconsumptiontypes,retailsalesofgoodswere335.45billionyuan,adecreaseof4.5%;cateringrevenueswere28.31billionyuan,adecreaseof15.8%.

Theretailsalesofwholesaleandretailtradeenterprisesabovedesignatedsizewas148.64billionyuan,down6.6%fromthepreviousyear.Amongthem,theretailsalesofgrain,oilandfoodwere13.70billionyuan,anincreaseof4.7%;theretailsalesofclothing,shoesandhats,andknittingtextileswere15.32billionyuan,adecreaseof5.7%;theretailsalesofhouseholdappliancesandaudio-visualequipmentwas13.72billionyuan,adecreaseof20.9%;TheretailsalesofChineseandWesternmedicineswere8.09billionyuan,anincreaseof1.7%;theretailsalesofdailynecessitieswere6.55billionyuan,anincreaseof35.4%;theretailsalesofcommunicationequipmentwere8.70billionyuan,adecreaseof11.0%;theretailsalesofculturalandofficesupplieswere7.16billionyuan,adecreaseof9.8%;theretailsalesofautomobileswas43.06billionyuan,down1.8%.

Theannualonlineretailsalesofphysicalgoodsofunitsabovedesignatedsizewas42.08billionyuan,anincreaseof11.8%overthepreviousyear,accountingfor11.6%ofthetotalretailsalesofconsumergoods,anincreaseof1.8percentagepointsoverthepreviousyear.

ForeignEconomy

Thetotalimportandexportvolumein2020is102.81billionyuan,down4.2%fromthepreviousyear.Amongthem,thetotalimportvaluewas75.37billionyuan,down0.4%;thetotalexportvaluewas27.44billionyuan,down13.2%.

Intermsoftrademethods,amongthetotalimports,generaltradeimportswere66.95billionyuan,down2.0%;processingtradeimportswere7.89billionyuan,up23.3%.Amongthetotalexports,generaltradeexportswere19.76billionyuan,adecreaseof10.5%;processingtradeexportswere6.74billionyuan,adecreaseof16.0%.

Intermsofthenatureoftheenterprise,amongthetotalimports,state-ownedenterprisesimported3.67billionyuan;foreign-investedenterprisesimported67.69billionyuan;privateenterprisesimported3.84billionyuan.Amongthetotalexports,state-ownedenterprisesexported5.02billionyuan;foreign-investedenterprisesexported12.95billionyuan;privateenterprisesexported9.29billionyuan.

Intermsofcommodities,amongthetotalimports,importsofmechanicalandelectricalproductsare64.62billionyuan;importsofhigh-techproductsare10.10billionyuan;andimportsofagriculturalproductsare1.47billionyuan.Amongthetotalexports,exportsofmechanicalandelectricalproductswere18.27billionyuan;exportsofhigh-techproductswere5.46billionyuan.

Intermsofcountriesandregions,thereare209foreigntradecountriesandregions.ExportstoAsiaare11.31billionyuan;exportstoEuropeare6.31billionyuan;toNorthAmericais5.12billionyuan;toLatinAmericais2.27billionyuan;toAfricais1.43billionyuan;toOceaniais1.01billionyuan.

Inthewholeyear,192foreign-investedenterpriseswerenewlyestablished,withacontractualforeigninvestmentofUS$3.41billion,andactualuseofforeigncapital(calculatedundertheregisteredcapitaloftheMinistryofCommerce)ofUS$710million,anincreaseof2%overthepreviousyear.Theactualdomesticcapitalinplaceforthewholeyearwas111.66billionyuan,anincreaseof12.7%overthepreviousyear.Inthewholeyear,10non-financialoverseasinvestmentprojectswerenewlyapproved,withanagreedinvestmentamountofUS$66.25million;220newcontractsweresignedforforeigncontractedprojectsandlaborservicecooperation,withacontractvalueofUS$2.45billion,andacompletedturnoverofUS$840million;2447foreignersweredispatched.

Tourism

In2020,therewillbe116nationalA-levelscenicspots,321travelagenciesand50star-ratedhotelsinthecity.Thetotalannualtourismrevenuewas50.26billionyuan,adecreaseof42.6%fromthepreviousyear.Amongthem,domestictourismrevenuewas50.07billionyuan,adecreaseof41.0%,andinboundtourismrevenuewasUS$28million,adecreaseof93%;54.105milliondomesticandforeigntouristswerereceived,adecreaseof43.1%,ofwhich54.071millionweredomestictourists,adecreaseof42.6%.Thenumberofinboundtouristswas34,000,adecreaseof96.0%.Thereare78tourismprojectsunderconstructioninthecity,withaninvestmentof8.03billionyuanthatyear.

Finance

Attheendof2020,therewere56bankingfinancialinstitutionsinthecity,andthebalanceofdepositsindomesticandforeigncurrenciesoffinancialinstitutionswas1,944.25billionyuan,anincreaseof3.0overthebeginningoftheyear.%;Thebalanceofloansindomesticandforeigncurrencieswas1812.90billionyuan,anincreaseof7.8%overthebeginningoftheyear.

Attheendoftheyear,therewere2securitiescompanies,36securitiesbranches,and99securitiesbusinessdepartmentsinthecity.Theannualsecuritiestradingvolumewas3862.9billionyuan;therewere1futurescompany,9futuresbranchcompanies,and17futuresbrokeragecompanies.Onenewlistedcompanywasaddedthroughouttheyear,bringingthetotalto24.Thereare50newthree-boardenterprises.

Thereare447insuranceinstitutionsandoutletsinthecity.Theoriginalinsurancepremiumincomeforthewholeyearwas39.96billionyuan,anincreaseof5.6%overthepreviousyear.Amongthem,propertyinsuranceoriginalinsurancepremiumincomewas11.3billionyuan,anincreaseof2.3%;lifeinsuranceoriginalinsurancepremiumincomewas20.82billionyuan,anincreaseof4.3%;personalaccidentinsuranceoriginalinsurancepremiumincomewas900millionyuan,anincreaseof1.7%;healthinsuranceoriginalinsurancepremiumsRevenuewas6.94billionyuan,anincreaseof17.2%.Thetotalamountofvariousindemnitiesandpaymentspaidthroughouttheyearwas16.26billionyuan,anincreaseof30.4%overthepreviousyear.Amongthem,propertyinsurancecompensationexpenditurewas6.48billionyuan,anincreaseof6.6%;lifeinsurancecompensationexpenditurewas3.66billionyuan,adecreaseof11.9%;personalaccidentinsurancecompensationexpenditurewas190millionyuan,adecreaseof1.1%;healthinsurancecompensationexpenditurewas5.94billionyuan,anincreaseof188.5%.

Transportation

Highway

HuanchengRoad:ShenyangFirstRingRoad,ShenyangSecondRingRoad,ShenyangThirdRingRoad(ShenyangRingExpressway),ShenyangFourthRingRoad,ShenyangFifthRingRoad(planned,NewRingExpressway)andShenyangSixthRingRoad(ieCentralLiaoningRingExpressway).

Expressway:ShendaExpressway,Beijing-ShenzhenExpressway,ShenhaExpressway,ShenjiExpressway,ShendanExpressway,ShenzhangExpressway,ShenkangExpressway,ShenyangRingExpresswayandLiaoningCentralRingHighway,etc.

BusStation:Long-distanceBusTerminal,Long-distanceBusStation,ShenyangBusTerminal,LiaoningExpressBusTerminal,NorthRailwayStation,NantaBusTerminal,WuaiPassengerandFreightIntermodalTerminalandHunhePassengerandFreightIntermodalCenter.

Bridges:AsofJune2019,thereare18bridgesacrosstheHunheRiverbetweentheEastandWestFourthRingsinShenyangCity.

The18bridgesacrosstheHunheRiverare:CentralAvenueBridge,WestThirdRingBridge,YunlongLakeBridge,NanyangLakeBridge,ShengliBridge,GongnongBridge,SanhaoBridge,JinyangTunnel,HunheBridge,WuaiTunnel,FuminBridge,ChangqingBridge,DongtaBridge,WangjiawanBridge,XinlibaoBridge,DonglingBridge,BoguanBridge,GaokanBridge.

Cross-HunheBridge

Railway

ShenyangisoneoftherailwayhubsinNortheastChina,includingBeijing-HarbinRailway,Shen-DaRailway,Shen-JiRailway,Shen-DanRailway,Shen-JiaRailway,ShenshanRailway,SufuBranchLine,Harbin-DalianHighSpeed​​Railway,etc.Manymainrailwaylinesmeethere.ShenyangStation,ShenyangNorthStation,andShenyangSouthStationarethemainrailwaystationsinShenyang.OthersincludeHuanggutunStation,SujiatunStation,ShenyangWestStation,ShenyangEastStation,andBeijing-ShenzhenHigh-speedRailwayXinbeiStation(planned).Amongthem,ShenyangNorthRailwayStation,ShenyangRailwayStation,SujiatunRailwayStationandShenyangWestRailwayStationarethreespecialrailwaystations.ShenyangRailwayStationistherailwaystationwiththelargestpassengertransportationscaleinNortheastChina.TheShenyangSouthRailwayStation,whichwasputintousein2015,istheintersectionoftheHarbin-Dalian,Beijing-Shenzhen,andShendanhigh-speedrailways.

ShenyangStation,ShenyangNorthStation,ShenyangSouthStation,ShenyangWestStation,ShenyangEastStation

Aviation

ShenyangTaoxianInternationalAirportisanationalpublicaviationOneoftheeightregionalhubairportsinthecountryasdeterminedbythetransportationsystem,itisthelargestcomplexgatewayhubairportintheNortheast.TaoxianAirportislocatedinthecenterofShenyangMetropolitanArea.Itisasharedairportforeightcities,20kilometersawayfromShenyangcitycenter.ShenyangTaoxianInternationalAirportiscurrentlya4E-classnationalfirst-classtrunkairportandwillbeexpandedintoa4F-classcivilairportinthefuture.

ShenyangTaoxianInternationalAirporthasmanydomesticflightstomajorcitiesacrossthecountry.ItisawindowforconnectingcountriesinNortheastChina,includingflightstoHongKong,Taipei,Macau,Taichung,Tokyo,Pyongyang,Seoul,Cheongju,Daegu,Busan,Osaka,Sapporo,Fukuoka,Jeju,Frankfurt,LosAngeles,Sydney,Singapore,Bangkok,Paris,KualaLumpur,Nagoya,Vancouver,Melbourne,Munich,Moscow,Novosibirsk,Irkutsk,KhabarovInternationalandregionalroutestoSk,Phuket,Mokpoandotherplaces.By2015,itwillfocusonthedevelopmentofinternationalroutesfromShenyangtotheAsia-Pacificregion,EuropeandtheUnitedStates,andplanstoopeninternationalroutesfromShenyangtoChicago,SanFrancisco,Oakland,Romeandotherplaces.

Publictransportation

  • Bus

Citiesattheendof2020Thereare321busoperatinglines,ofwhich20arenewlyopenedoradjusted,increasingtheoperatingmileageby90.6kilometers,andthelengthofbusoperatinglinesreaches5253.3kilometers;thereare6012busoperatingvehicles;thetotalnumberofpublictransportpassengersintheyearis670million.

  • Taxi

Attheendof2020,therewillbe21,197taxisinthecity.

Shenyangtaxistartsat9yuan/3kilometers,andthemileageis1yuan/500meters.Theairconditioneristurnedonatnight(22:00pmto6:00thenextday)andsummer.ThestartingpriceisRMB10/3kilometers,andthemileagerateisRMB1/455meters.Ifthepassengerrequiresthattheairconditionerisnotturnedon,theairconditionershallnotbeturnedon.Air-conditioningfreightrate.

  • Metro

ThefirstsubwaylineofShenyangMetrowaslaunchedonSeptember27,2010Openedfortrialoperation,itistheseventhcityinthecountrytohaveasubway.

AccordingtotheinformationontheofficialwebsiteofMay2020,ShenyangMetrohas4operatinglines,namely:Line1,Line2,Line9,andLine10,allofwhichareundergroundlineswithmileagelength114kilometers,atotalof85stations.

In2020,ShenyangMetrowillrealizenormalizedanddelayedoperation.MetroLines1,2,9,and10haveanoperatingmileageof12.38milliontrainkilometersandapassengervolumeof31.068milliontrips.

AsofFebruary2021,thereare5linesunderconstructioninShenyangMetro:Line3,Line4,Line6,Line1EastExtensionLineandLine2SouthExtensionLine,Atotalof140kilometers.

  • Trams

Attheendof2020,theoperatingmileageofHunnantramswas2.324millionColumnkilometers,thepassengervolumewas6.211millionpassengers.

ConnecttheSujiatunDistrictConventionandExhibitionCenter,TaoxianAirport,High-speedRailwayXinnanStation,NationalGamesVillage,NationalGamesOperationCenter,OlympicSportsCenter,NewDistrictAdministrativeCenter,ShenfuNewCity,etc.,AndthroughcomprehensivetransportationhubstationssuchastheOlympicSportsCenterandthe21stCenturyBuilding,itseamlesslyconnectswiththesubwayandbuslines.

Socialundertakings

Educationalundertakings

Attheendof2020,therewillbe1295inclusivekindergartensinthecity,accountingfor83.7%,andtheproportionofinclusivekindergartendegreeswillreach85.%,theenrollmentrateofpreschoolchildreninthecityis97.9%.Thereare279primaryschoolswith423,000students,andthegrossenrollmentrateoftheprimaryschool-agepopulationis119.3%.Thereare305generalhighschoolswith296,000students;30generaltechnicalsecondaryschoolswith46,000students;48vocationalhighschoolswith28,000students.Thereare32technicalschoolswith20,000students.Theproportionofjuniorhighschoolgraduatesenteringordinaryhighschoolis63.2%,andthegrossenrollmentrateofhighschoolis124.5%.Thereare45generalhighereducationinstitutions(including2independentcolleges)inthecity,enrolling127,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegestudents,440thousandstudents,and101,000undergraduateandjuniorcollegegraduates.Ordinaryinstitutionsofhigherlearningandscientificresearchinstitutionsenroll26,000postgraduates,with69,000postgraduatestudentsand18,000postgraduategraduates.

Name

Establishedtime

Remarks

Publicundergraduatecolleges

NortheasternUniversity

1923

ClassBfortheconstructionofworld-classuniversities,universitiesdirectlyundertheMinistryofEducation,undergraduate-master-doctorate

LiaoningUniversity

1948

World-classdisciplineconstructionuniversities,provincialkey,undergraduate-master-doctorate

ChinaMedicalUniversity

1931

ProvincialandMinistryCo-construction,Ben-Master-Bo

ShenyangAgricultureUniversity

1952

Thebasiccapacitybuildingprojectofuniversitiesinthecentralandwesternregions,thejointconstructionofprovincialandministerialdepartments,theuniversity-master-doctorateprogram

ShenyangArchitectureUniversity

1948

Thebasiccapacitybuildingprojectofuniversitiesinthecentralandwesternregions,thejointconstructionoftheprovinceandtheministry,themaster-master-doctorateprogram

ShenyangPharmaceuticalUniversity

1931

provincial,local-master-bo

ShenyangUniversityofTechnology

1949

Co-constructedbyprovincesandministries,local-master-bo

ShenyangLigongUniversity

1948Years

Co-constructedbyprovincesandministries,undergraduate-master-doctorate

ShenyangNormalUniversity

1951

Provincial,Ben-Master-Bo

LiaoningUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine

1958

Provincial,local-master-doctoral

ShenyangUniversity

1906

Municipal,local-master-doctorate

ShenyangAerospaceUniversity

1952

Co-constructedbytheprovinceandministry,Ben-Master-Bo

ShenyangUniversityofChemicalTechnology

1952

Ministry-provincialco-construction,local-master

ShenyangInstituteofTechnology

2003

Provincial,local-master

ShenyangMedicalCollege

1949

City,this-Master

ShenyangArtilleryAcademy

1977

DirectlyundertheGeneralStaffHeadquartersofthePeople’sLiberationArmy

ArmedPoliceShenyangCommandCollege

1984

DirectlyundertheMinistryofPublicSecurity

ChinaCriminalPoliceAcademy

1948

MinistryofPublicSecurity,Ben-Master

LuXunAcademyofFineArts

1938

Provincial,local-master

ShenyangConservatoryofMusic

1938

provincial,local-master

ShenyangInstituteofPhysicalEducation

1954

ProvincialandMinistryco-construction,local-master

Schoolname

Establishedtime

Remarks

Privateundergraduatecollegesanduniversities

LiaoningHeMedicalCollege

1999Year

ProvincialDepartmentofEducation,Private

ShenyangInstituteofTechnology

1999

ProvincialDepartmentofEducation,privatesector

ShenyangUrbanConstructionCollege

2000

ProvincialDepartmentofEducation,PrivateOffice

ShenyangCityCollege

2001

ProvincialDepartmentofEducation,PrivateOffice

LiaoningInstituteofMediaandCommunication

1991Year

ProvincialDepartmentofEducation,Private

ShenyangInstituteofScienceandTechnology

1999

ProvincialDepartmentofEducation,privatesector

XinglinCollegeofLiaoningUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine

2001

ProvincialDepartmentofEducation,IndependentCollege

ScienceandTechnology

Strivingformajorprojectsabovetheprovinciallevelin2020And2029keyresearchanddevelopmentprojects,seekingfundsof1.02billionyuan.Amongthem,600national-levelprojectswithacapitalof720millionyuanaresought;1,429provincial-levelprojectswithacapitalof300millionyuan.12projectshavewonnationalscienceandtechnologyawards.Attheendoftheyear,thecityhad53independentprivatescientificresearchandtechnologydevelopmentinstitutionsatorabovethemunicipallevel;337keylaboratoriesatorabovethemunicipallevel,including8atthenationallevel;and262technologicalinnovationcenters(engineeringtechnologyresearchcenters)atorabovethemunicipallevel,includingnational7levels.Thereare24academiciansofthetwoacademies,including5academiciansoftheChineseAcademyofSciencesand19academiciansoftheChineseAcademyofEngineering.Thetechnicaltradeturnoverofvarioustechnicalandtradeinstitutionswas30.39billionyuan.Throughouttheyear,21,153patentsweregranted,including3,596inventionpatents.

Culturalundertakings

Bytheendof2020,therewillbe15culturalcenters,20publiclibraries,and20museumsinthecity;3213variousmassculturalactivitieswillbeheldthroughouttheyear,with1.32millionpeopleparticipating;248publicwelfarearttrainingsessionsand265publicwelfaretheatricalperformanceswereorganized.

Sportsbusiness

In2020,ShenyangwillhosttheShenyangMarathonCarnival,theChineseRowingMasters(ShenyangStation)"OneCityandTwoRaces",theNationalFitnessInternationalWalkingFestival,andCup"InternationalYouthFootballInvitationalTournament,ShenyangMartialArtsCulturalFestival,"ShengjingIceSportsFestival"andthe2ndChinaShenyangInternationalIceDragonBoatCompetition,ChinaYouthSkiGrandPrix(ShenyangNortheastAsiaStation)andShenyangInternationalYouthSkiInvitationalTournament,Shenyange-sportsopenCompetitionandthefirstShenyangEconomicZoneE-sportsCompetitionandmorethan20onlineandofflinelarge-scaleevents.Carriedoutmorethan500massfitnessactivities.Theimplementationofsportsandpeople’slivelihoodprojectshasinvestedmorethan9millionyuantoinstall292setsoffitnessequipmentandfacilitiesfor20sportsparks,130ruralculturalandsportssquares,and122communities(villages).Trained312nationalfirst-levelsocialsportsinstructors,506second-levelsocialsportsinstructors,and1303third-levelsocialsportsinstructors.

Steadilypromotethereformanddevelopmentofthe"ThreeBigBalls",andsetup33schoolsforthe"ThreeBigBalls"project.Intherollerskatingandspeedskatingall-aroundeventsoftheSecondNationalYouthGames,theShenyangSportsSchoolteamwon6golds,2silversand2bronzes,realizingahistoricalbreakthroughinthewintereventofShenyang.

ShenyangCitywasawardedasanationalsportsconsumptionpilotcity,HunnanDistrictandthe"PeaceCup"InternationalYouthFootballInvitationalwerebothawardedasanationalsportsindustrydemonstrationbaseanddemonstrationproject,fillingtheblankofShenyang'ssportsindustry"nationalteam".Implementthesportsbenefitconsumerpolicy,andissue3millionsportsbenefitelectronicconsumercoupons.Fullypromotethesalesofsportslottery,theannualsportslotterysalesvolumewas1.17billionyuan,andthepublicwelfarefundwasraised77.34millionyuan.

Medicalandhealth

Bytheendof2020,therewillbe5177healthinstitutionsinthecity.Amongthem,thereare283hospitals;144communityhealthservicecenters(stations);115healthcenters,403outpatientdepartments,1906clinics,healthcenters,andinfirmaries;14centersfordiseasepreventionandcontrol;Stations)12;maternalandchildhealthcarehospitals(stations,stations)7;emergencycenters(stations)1and1bloodcollectionandsupplyinstitution.Attheendoftheyear,therewere72,877hospitalbedsand85,576healthtechnicians,including33,644licensed(assistant)physiciansand39,500registerednurses.Thetotalnumberofconsultationsandtreatmentsintheyearwas35.612million.

SocialSecurity

Attheendof2020,thecitywillparticipateinurbanbasicpensioninsurancefor4.418millionpeople,anincreaseof71,000overtheendofthepreviousyear;socialpensioninsuranceforurbanandruralresidentsis1.215million,anincreaseof24,000.Participatedinurbanemployeemedicalinsurancefor3.551million,anincreaseof92,000;urbanresidents’medicalinsurancewas3.864million,anincreaseof162,000;participationinunemploymentinsurancewas1.501million,anincreaseof41,000;workinjuryinsurancewas1.812million,anincreaseof3,000;Maternityinsurancewas3.299million,anincreaseof91,000.Thenumberofland-expropriatedfarmersparticipatinginsocialsecuritywas270000,adecreaseof49,000.

Thebasicpensionforcorporateretireesis2,906yuanpercapitapermonth,anincreaseof146yuanoverthepreviousyear.Thepercapitaexpenditurestandardforunemploymentinsurancebenefitsis1,629yuanpermonth,anincreaseof160yuan.Theminimumwagestandardforemployeesinurbanareasanddevelopmentzonesis1810yuan,andtheminimumwagestandardforemployeesinonedistrict(LiaozhongDistrict)andthreecounties(cities)is1540yuan.

Theminimumlivingallowanceforurbanresidentsis715yuanperpersonpermonth,andtheminimumlivingallowanceforruralresidentsis510yuanperpersonpermonth.

Theannualminimumlivingallowanceof380millionyuanwasdistributed.Amongthem,thecityprovided280millionyuanofminimumlivingallowance,26,000householdsand34,000peopleenjoyedtheminimumlivingguaranteeofurbanresidents;ruralareasprovided100millionyuanofminimumlivingallowance,and17,000householdsand28,000peopleenjoyedtheminimumlivingguaranteeofruralresidents.293householdsand451peopleenjoytheassistanceofmarginalhouseholdsintheurbansubsistenceallowances;482householdsand903peopleenjoytheassistanceofmarginalhouseholdsintheruralsubsistenceallowances.

Thecity’surbanandruralelderlycareserviceagencieswere1,419,anincreaseof418overthepreviousyear;therewere49,000urbanandruralelderlycareservicebeds,anincreaseof1,100overthepreviousyear.Throughouttheyear,3,129rescuerswereadopted,adecreaseof2,198fromthepreviousyear.

In2020,thesalesofwelfarelotteryticketswillbe1.41billionyuan,andthewelfarelotterypublicwelfarefundwillberaised430millionyuan.

UrbanConstruction

OnOctober31,2019,Shenyangwasselectedasthefirstbatchof5Gcommercialcities.

In2019,thedeepeningofthereformofthecommercialsystemhasachievedremarkableresults,andtheimplementationofrelevantpoliciesandmeasuressuchassupervisionduringandaftertheeventhasbeenwellreceivedbythesociety,andhasbeennotifiedbytheGeneralOfficeoftheStateCounciltogivesupport.

InJuly2020,itwasshortlistedforthepilotlistofthedevelopmentofthehousingrentalmarketsupportedbythecentralgovernment.

InJune2020,itwasselectedbytheMinistryofHousingandUrban-RuralDevelopmentasasamplecityforurbanphysicalexaminationin2020.

OnSeptember6,2020,9departmentsincludingShenyangRealEstateBureauandShenyangNaturalResourcesBureaujointlyissuedthe"NoticeonFurtherPromotingtheStableandHealthyDevelopmentofOurCity'sRealEstateMarket".The"Notice"proposesthatthedownpaymentratioforthesecondsetofcommercialhousingshouldbeincreasedto50%.Thedownpaymentmustbepaidinonelumpsum,andinstallmentpaymentsand"downpaymentloans"areprohibited.

Historyandculture

Dialect

ShenyangdialectisthelocaldialectofShenyang,belongingtotheNortheastMandarin—JichenPian—TongxiXiaopian.ShenyangdialectisalocalvariantofNortheastMandarin,whichistheseconddialectofMandarindialect.ItbelongstotheSino-Tibetanlanguagefamily(languagefamily)-Chinese(language)-NortheastMandarin(dialect)-JiShenpian(largefilm)-TongxiXiaopian(smallfilm).ThenortherndialectcenteredonBeijingMandarin(consistingofBeijingdialectandShenyangdialect)hasbecomethebasisofthecommonlanguageoftheHanpeopleinmoderntimes.Shenyangdialect,likethedialectsofotherplacesinNortheastChina,belongstotheNortheastMandarinoftheMandarindialect.

Religion

Asof2015,thereare5religionsinShenyang,Buddhism,Taoism,Islam,Catholicism,andChristianity,7municipal-levelpatrioticreligiousorganizations,andplacesofreligiousactivityregisteredaccordingtolawThereare289placesandtwotemporaryChristianvenuesforforeigners.Thereareabout400,000religiousbelieversand483religiousclericsinthecity.

BuddhismisareligionwithalonghistoryandgreatinfluenceinShenyang.ItwasintroducedtoLiaodongduringtheWeiandJinDynasties,anditwaswidelyspreadinShenyangduringtheTangDynasty.TherearemanyfamousBuddhisttemplesinShenyang,suchastheancientChang'anTemple,whichisknownas"Chang'anTemple,thenShenyangCity",Ci'enTemple,oneofthefourmajorBuddhistjunglesinNortheastChina,andShishengTemple,theroyaltempleoftheQingDynasty.InShenyangBuddhism,therehavebeenmanyrespectedmonksandnunssuchasBuzhenandShibo.Accordingtoasurveyin1950,therewere62Buddhisttemplesand304monks,nunsandlamasinShenyangatthattime.DuringtheCulturalRevolution,alargenumberofBuddhistvenuesinthecitywereoccupiedanddestroyed,andreligiousactivitiesceased.AftertheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeoftheParty,somereligiousvenueswererebuiltandreligiousactivitiesresumed.

TaoismwasintroducedtoLiaoningintheTangDynasty,andShenyangisthecenterofTaoistactivitiesintheNortheast.AfteraTaoistinYunshanfoundedtheShenyangChenghuangTemplein1352,Taoismbegantodevelop,andsomemorefamousTaoistplacesappearedoneafteranother,suchastheDoumuPalaceintheMingDynastyandtheThreeChurches(TaiqingPalace)intheQingDynasty.TheTaiqingPalaceisoneofthetwokeynationalpalacesinourprovince(theotheristheImmeasurableTempleofQianshan).InthehistoryofShenyang,therehavebeenfamousTaoistssuchasYueChongdai,thefirstchairmanoftheTaoistAssociationofChina.Accordingtoasurveyin1950,therewere28Taoisttemplesand101QuanzhenTaoistpriestsinthecityatthattime.DuringtheCulturalRevolution,alargenumberofTaoistsitesinthecitywereoccupiedanddestroyed,andreligiousactivitiesceased.AftertheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina,theTaiqingPalacewasthefirsttoberepairedandreligiousactivitiesresumed;thelargestKundaoAcademyinthecountry-PengyingThepalacewasbuiltin1997andopenedtotheoutsideworld.

IslamwasintroducedtoChinain651AD,andtheearliestwrittenrecordofitsintroductiontoShenyangistheinscriptiononthestonesteleoftheShenyangChenghuangTemplebuiltinShenyangfromtheYuanDynastytothe12thyearofZhengzheng(1352)intheShenyangPalaceMuseum.Thewords"Thetemplewasbuilt...EasterntoHuihuiFiveBrothersCourtyardWall"inthe"TitleoftheOfficialsoftheLuChenghuangTempleMeritandVirtue".InthefirstyearofEmperorKangxioftheQingDynasty(1662),TieKui,theancestoroftheTiefamily,investedintheconstructionofthefirstmosqueinShenyang,theSouthMosque.Later,astheHuipopulationincreased,somewerebuilt.Inhistory,ShenyangIslamoncehadZhangZiwen,ZhuYuepo,ZhaoMingzhouandothergreatimamsinchargeofeducationalactivitiesinShenyang.DuringtheCulturalRevolution,Islamicreligiousactivitieswerestoppedandmosquesweredestroyed.AftertheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeoftheParty,somemosqueswererepairedandrebuilt,andreligiousactivitiesresumed.

CatholicismwasintroducedtoLiaoninginthe35thyearofEmperorKangxioftheQingDynasty(1696).In1838,thePopeofRomeorderedtheseparationofLiaodongandMongoliafromtheFrenchDioceseofBeijing,theestablishmentoftheManchurianDiocese,andtheestablishmentoftheBishop'sMansioninYingkou.In1878,theNanguanCatholicChurchinShenyangwasestablished,whichwastheearliestinShenyanghistory.OneoftheCatholicChurch.In1892,theBishop'sHouseoftheDioceseofManchuriamovedfromYingkoutoShenyang,andShenyanggraduallybecamethecenterofCatholicactivityintheNortheast.Atthebeginningofliberation,therewere10CatholicchurchesinShenyangwith57clergy.In1957,thechurchesweremergedinto7churches.DuringtheCulturalRevolution,thechurcheswereseverelydamagedandreligiousactivitiesceased.After1979,NanguanCatholicChurchandotherplacesbegantoberepaired.,Establishandopentotheoutsideworld.

ChristianitywasintroducedtoChinaaftertheOpiumWar,andthentotheShenyangareaof​​Liaoning.In1872,theBritishScottishPresbyterianChurchsentamissionary,PastorJohnJohn,toShenyangtopreach,andtheShenyangDongguanPresbyterianChurchwasestablishedtoformallyenterShenyangforChristianity.Afterthat,ChristianorganizationssuchastheBritishAnglicanChurch,theSeventh-dayAdventistChurchintheUnitedStates,theOrientalMissionaryChurchinSeoul,Korea,andtheSalvationArmyinLondon,havesuccessivelyestablishedchurchesinShenyang.AftertheSeptember18thIncident,JapaneseChristianityinvadedShenyangandcompetedwithBritishandAmericanChristiansforleadershipinShenyang.Aftertheliberationofthewholecountry,in1950,40ChristianpatriotsheadedbyShanghaiChristianWuYaozongjointlyissuedadeclaration"TheWaysChineseChristianityWorkedintheConstructionofNewChina",callingonChineseChristianstocuttieswiththeimperialistcountries,ShenyangChristThebelieversenthusiasticallysupportedthisdeclaration,andsincethenembarkedonthepathofindependentandself-runchurches.StatisticsatthetimeoftheliberationofShenyangshowedthattherewere23Christianchurches,48​​missionaries,andabout3,000believersinthecity.DuringtheCulturalRevolution,churcheswereclosed,andreligiousactivitiesresumedaftertheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeoftheParty.

Dance

ShenyangDayanggeisalocalartthatinheritedthetraditionalcharacteristicsofYangkosincetheTangDynastyduringtheMingandQingDynasties.ItwasoriginallyaformofentertainmentfortheancientHanpeopleduringtheslackperiod.Inthebeginning,itwasameansofearningalivingbyasmallnumberofidlefolkartistsperformingonthestreet,andgraduallybecameanentertainmentactivityduringfestivalsortemplefairs.Features:ShenyangGrandYangko,inadditiontoinheritingtheoriginaltraditionalartstyleofManchuYangko,hasbeenintegratedwiththestiltartofsouthernLiaoningandwesternLiaoning,formingauniquerough,bold,hot,warm,cheerful,strongandfreeArtisticcharacteristics.

Snacks

ShenyangsnacksincludeLaobiandumplings,LiLianguibaconflatbread,Yangjiahangingovencakes,chickencakes,HuishunyuanHuitou,MajiaShaomai,WestTowerColdNoodles,LaoshanjiHaichengPie,NajiaguanWhiteMeatandBloodSausage,SongjiaWonton,KoreanRoastBeef,RiceCake,ZhangJiuliRoastChicken,BigStageFriedCake,Twist,XiaomaoqiuPopcorn,ShenyangSmallPotato,Chicken-flavorednoodles,sizzlingchickenrack,openpie,high-risefragrantchicken,Zhaidonkeymeat,Pan'selbow,rockopenfirespoon,oldfourseasonsnoodles,fourseasonsnoodles,nectardumplings,Daqinghuadumplings,BaofayuanFourDishes,YuanweizhaiRoastDuck,SanheshengSteamedBuns,XinxiangSteamedBuns,GuojiaTangyuan,SanshengyuanDumplings,HaijieTangBao,etc.

Shenyangisthelargestchickenrackconsumptioncenterinthecountry.Themethodsofchickenracksinclude:grilledchickenracks,chickenracks,smokedchickenracks,boiledchickenracks,mixedchickenracks,ironplatechickenracks,andfriedchicken.Racks,friedchickenracks,etc."Chewingchickenracksanddrinkingoldsnow"hasbecomeawayoflifeforpeopleinShenyang.

Scenicspots

Asof2018,Shenyanghas100nationalA-leveltouristattractions,222travelagencies,and96star-ratedhotels.Thetotalannualtourismrevenuewas58.37billionyuan,anincreaseof12.8%overthepreviousyear.Amongthem,domestictourismincomewas56.28billionyuan,anincreaseof13.2%,foreignexchangeincomewas344millionUSdollars,anincreaseof4.0%;64.011milliondomesticandforeigntouristswerereceived,anincreaseof11.9%,ofwhich63.33millionweredomestictourists,anincreaseof12.0%.Thenumberoftouristswas681,000,anincreaseof5.4%.Thereare96tourismprojectsunderconstructioninthecity,withaninvestmentof10.8billionyuanthatyear.

Shenyangtenscenicspots:FulingDiecui,YuyuanSongtao,HunheNightCrossing,TawanSunset,LiutangSpringRain,TaoyuanAutumnBreeze,SacredStelePhantom,DoushanSnow,FenglouTower,WanSpringfishing.

Otherattractions:QipanshanInternationalScenicTourismDevelopmentZone,StrangeSlopeScenicArea,ShenyangForestWildlifePark,ShenyangExpoPark,ShenyangNortheastAsiaSkiResort,RoyalPolarOceanWorld,FantawildParadise,PurpleSmokeLavenderManor,AegeanValley,MeteoriteMountainScenicArea,LiuLaogenStage,NanguanCatholicChurch,HunheWestCanyon,Yong'anBridge.In2015,Shenyangreceived92.192milliondomesticandforeigntourists,anincreaseof11.0%.Amongthem,domestictouristswere91.542million,anincreaseof11.0%;inboundtouristswere650,000,anincreaseof10.2%.

Introduction

Picture

ShenyangImperialPalace

Zhaoling

Fuling

TheformersiteoftheManchuriaProvincialCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina

ZhouEnlaiJuvenileReadingSite

Zhang’shandsomemansion

LiaobinTower

LiaoningProvincialMuseum

ChinaShenyangIndustrialMuseum

XinleSite

ShenyangSeptember18thHistoryMuseum

ColorTVTower

MiddleStreet

TaiyuanStreet

WuaiMarket

SanhaoStreet

Shenyangmainattractions

ShenyangImperialPalacewasbuiltin1625AD.ItwasbuiltbyQingTaizuNurhachiandQingTaizongHuangTaijibeforetheentryoftheManchuandQingdynasties.Presenthereascendedthethroneandproclaimedtheemperor.TheShenyangForbiddenCityisanationalkeyculturalrelicsprotectionunit.ItisoneofthetwomostcompletepalacecomplexesinChina.IthasnowbeenturnedintotheShenyangPalaceMuseum.July1,2004.The28thWorldHeritageCommitteemeetingheldinSuzhou,ChinaapprovedChina’sShenyangImperialPalaceasanextensionoftheculturalheritageoftheMingandQingimperialpalacestobeincludedintheWorldHeritageList.

ZhaolingMausoleumisthetombofEmperorTaijiandEmpressXiaoduanwenofthesecondgenerationofManchuandQingDynasty.Itcoversanareaof​​3.32hectares.TheBeilingMausoleumwasbuiltin1643andcontainsLongenTemple,Baocheng,Baoding,CrescentCity,DamingTower,DabeiTower,Fangcheng,Longenmen,Dahongmen,StoneArchwayandotherbuildings.

FulingisthetombbaseoftheQingdynastypatriarchNurhachiandhisqueenYehenala,coveringanareaof​​morethan500hectares.TheDonglingTombwasbuiltin1629andwasbasicallycompletedin1651.Later,itwasbuiltmanytimesbyShunzhi,Kangxi,andQianlongtoformacompletetombbasebuildingcomplex.InsidethemausoleumisthemajesticZhenghongGate,vividstonelions,stonetigers,stonehorses,etc.,therearefamous108steps,Fangcheng,LongenHall,EastWestHall,DamingBuilding,Baodingandotherbuildings.

TheformersiteoftheManchuriaProvincialCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaisaculturalrelicsprotectionunitinLiaoningProvince.ThefourbuildingsontheeastsideofthebluebrickhouseweretheseatoftheManchuriaProvincialCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinafromOctober1927toDecember1931.TheSecretaryoftheProvincialPartyCommitteeChenWeirenledworkers,farmers,andstudentsheretoopposetheoppressionoffeudalwarlordsandtheaggressionofJapaneseimperialists,andrestoreanddevelopthepartyorganization.In1985,thePeople'sGovernmentofShenyangCityallocatedfundsforrepairs,displayedthemastheywere,andofficiallyopenedtotheoutsideworld.

TheformersiteofZhouEnlai'sjuvenilestudywasoriginallytheFengtianProvincialGovernmentDongguanModelSecondClassPrimarySchool.Afterliberation,itbecamethesixthmiddleschoolofShenyangCity.ItwaschangedtoShenyangin1982.Thecity’skindergartennormalschoolwaslaterrenamedasDongguanModelPrimarySchool.In2005,itwasintegratedwithNortheastYucaiEducationGroupandchangedtoNortheastYucaiDongguanModelPrimarySchool.LocatedatNo.12,YucaiLane,DadongRoad,DadongDistrict.Theoldsitewasbuiltin1910andcompletedthefollowingyear.Fromtheautumnof1910toJuly1913,ComradeZhouEnlaispenthisyouthinthehighschoolreadinglifehere.

TheMansionofZhang’sCommanderislocatedonthesouthsideoftheForbiddenCityinShenheDistrict.Itcoversanareaof​​morethan16,000squaremeters,surroundedbythree-meter-highthickbluebrickwalls.Theinteriorisdividedintoeastandwestcourtyards,andeachparthasitsownuniquearchitecturalstyle.TheEastCourtyardwasbuiltin1912asathree-entrycourtyardwithChineseethniccharacteristicsbuiltbyZhangZuolin.Thereare74housesintheshapeofagrid.Onthenorthsideofthegarden,athree-storyRoman-stylebluebrickbuildingwasbuiltinthe1920s.ThearchitectureofthemiddlecourtnotonlyfollowsthetraditionalChinesefolkcustoms,butalsoreflectsthecustomsoftheNortheast,especiallythesouthernLiaoning.

LiaobinTowerislocatedinLiaobinVillage,GongzhutunTown,29kilometersnortheastofXinminCity.Itisanoctagonal13-storybluebricktowerwithdenseeaves.Theoriginalheightis41.7meters,andthebottomdiameteris12.5meters.ItwasbuiltaccordingtotheBuddhistbeliefofinnocenceinoddnumbers.Thebaseofthetowerisabout10metershigh.ThereisaBuddhanicheoneachsideofthetower,andabrickBuddhastatuesitsonalotusseat.

LiaoningProvincialMuseumisacomprehensivemuseumlocatedinHunnanDistrict.ThebuildingwasoriginallytheofficialresidenceofTangYulin,thereignwarlordoftheFengsystem.AftertheSeptember18thIncident,thePuppetManchukuosetupthe"FengtianBranchoftheNationalMuseum"here.OnNovember2,1948,Shenyangwasliberated.WiththeapprovaloftheNortheastPeople'sGovernment,theNortheastMuseumwasestablished,whichopenedonJuly7,1949,andwasrenamedtheLiaoningProvincialMuseumin1959.The"SpecialExhibitionofCulturalRelicsintheNewLiaoningMuseum"wonthe6th(2003-2004)National(China)MuseumTopTenExquisiteSelectionAward.

ShenyangFoundry,thepredecessorofShenyangFoundryMuseum,wasfoundedin1939.AftertheliberationofShenyang,thefactorywasrenamedmanytimes,until1956,thefactorywasnamedShenyangFoundry.Thefoundryoccupiesanareaof​​330,000squaremeters.OnApril17,2007,theShenyangFoundryfinishedthelastfurnaceofmoltenironandcompleteditshistoricalmission.TiexiDistrictdecidedtokeepthelarge-scaleworkshopofthefactoryandtransformitintoafoundrymuseumfocusingontheindustrialcontextoftheoldnortheastindustrialzone.

TheShenyangIndustrialMuseumofChinaprojectlocatedatNo.14WeigongNorthStreet,TiexiDistrict,wasexpandedontheoriginalsiteoftheShenyangFoundryMuseum.Theplannedtotalareais70,600squaremeters;thetotalconstructionareais55,900squaremeters;theexhibitionareareaches36,200squaremeters(including26,200squaremetersoftheoldmuseumand10,000squaremetersofthenewmuseum).

TheXinleSiteisthesiteofamatriarchalclancommunesettlementintheearlyNeolithicperiodofprimitivesocietymorethan7,200yearsago.Theunearthedculturalrelicsincludestonetools,pottery,andcoal.Products,ancienthouses,etc.Amongthem,theunearthed"woodcarvingbird"istheoldestpreciousculturalrelicunearthedinShenyang,anditisalsotheoldestwoodcarvinghandicraftintheworld.

ShenyangSeptember18thHistoryMuseumislocatedinLiutiaoLakeBridge,DadongDistrict,ShenyangCity.Nearly1,000preciouspiecesbeforeandaftertheSeptember18thIncidentwerecollectedinthemuseum.Historicalphotographs,documentsandmorethan700historicalrelics,dividedinto7parts,showthehistoryofthepeopleofNortheastChinafrombecomingsubjugatedtothevictoryoftheWarofResistanceAgainstJapan.

ThecolorTVtowerislocatedattheintersectionofQingnianStreetandBinheRoad.Thetoweris305.5metershigh.Itisamultifunctionalradioandtelevisiontowerintegratingtourism,cateringandentertainment..ItwascompletedinSeptember1989.ThecolorTVtowerhas6floorsbetween187metersand215.3meters.Shenyang’shighest"SkyParadise"islocatedbetween193metersand205metersfromthetower,withaskydancehall,arevolvingdancehall,andanopen-airviewingplatform.In1992,thecountry'slargestwaxmuseum-thewaxmuseumoffamoushistoricalfiguresinancientChinawasbuilt.

MiddleStreetisacentury-oldcommercialstreet.In2005,itwasawardedthetitleofChina'sTopTenFamousCommercialStreets;in2008,itwasawardedthetitleof"InternationalGoldenStreet".

TaiyuanStreetisacommercialstreetwiththesamelonghistoryasShenyangMiddleStreet.In2007,itwasawardedthetitleofChina’sTopTenFamousCommercialStreets.

Wu'aiMarketislocatedinthelivelyroadofShenheDistrict,oneofthefivelargestbazaarsinthecountry,andoneofthemostfamouswholesalemarketsinChina.

ThelargestdistributioncenterforcomputerandITproductsinthenortheastofSanhaoStreet,andoneofthetoptencharacteristiccommercialstreetsinChina.

Localspecialties

ShenyangspecialtiesincludeHuishanMilkandZhongjiedaFruit,De'sColdDrink,XiaoliangshanWatermelon,DrunkenGrape,TanglinRedRaspberry,HanfuApple,ZhujiaBigApricot,ClearWaterRice,XiangxueFlour,LiaozhongCrucian,BawangsiSoftDrink,SnowBeer,LaolongkouLiquor,Shenyangagedwine,oldladycandiedhaws,BuLaoLinTang,Kragussausage,heavyindustrypineappleham,Xiongzhoubeefthreepots,sauerkraut,Kangfumooncake,Dongdongfood,peachandplumbread,McKinleyapplecidervinegar,eyeBaoYangliversoup,LaoWangheadseasoning,Shenhemiso,redplummonosodiumglutamate,Shenyangredmedicine,silkflower,gourdcarving,Shenyangfeatherpainting,colorstonemosaicpainting,naturalcoloradvancedcarpet,ZhongheFutea,TianyitangChinesemedicineandmanymore.

Famouspeople

Era

List

Ancient

LoveXinjueluo·Nurhachi

Aisinjueluo·Huangtaiji

Aisinjueluo·Dorgun

Aisinjueluo·Fulin

Modern

GuoSongling

ZhengXinchao(DuringtheAnti-JapaneseWar)

ShaoQinglian(DuringtheAnti-JapaneseWar)

TangYunsheng

Modern

王永志

赵忠贤

罗阳

李默然

于魁智

幺红

关牧村

王充闾

洪峰

马秋芬

初国卿

郭颂

郎朗

吕萌

刘凡菲

那英

彭久洋

李杰

关适佳

吴昕

杜海涛

汪苏泷

井柏然

艾敬

赵真

郑爽

朱梓骁

皮皮

王千源

林更新

杜若溪

祁汉

张倬闻

张迪

白微

邓德天

范伟

阎娜

方青卓

王野

张赫

陈思诚

张赫宣

戴潆萱

秦岚

金巧巧

王翊丹

赵正阳

胡海泉

关之琳

毛宁

于胜春

火风

印小天

孙海英

秦昊

董文华

赵明明

姜黎黎

巩汉林

金珠

张丹露

李春波

于慧

朱旭

巩俐

丁爽

姚宏合美

王子

菅纫姿

郭树东

孔肖吟

关志鸥

王宁(湖南湘乡人,辽宁沈阳出生)

-

-

参考资料来源

城市荣誉

国家环保模范城市

国家园林绿化城市

国家园林城市

中国历史文化名城

中国优秀旅游城市

中国最具幸福感城市

全国科教兴市先进城市

全国双拥模范城市

全国投资环境诚信安全区

国家森林城市

中国十大特色休闲城市

联合国全球宜居城区示范奖(铁西区)

中国十大魅力城市

联合国生态示范城

国家新型工业化综合配套改革试验区

2012年中国特色魅力城市200强

首批全国创建社会信用体系建设示范城市

全国文明城市

2017年消费力最强十大城市第10位

2017年度中国十佳冰雪旅游城市

2017中国特色魅力城市200强

2017年度中国最具投资潜力城市50强

“2018畅游中国100城”。

中国联通5G试点城市

潜在的国家重要金融、教育、医疗中心

2018年城市产业竞争力全国排名第40

世界二线城市

2018中国地级市全面小康指数51名

2018中国大陆最佳商业城市排名第29名

2018中国城市科技创新发展指数排名第21

2018年中国城市创新竞争力排名第26

国家卫生城市(区)

2018年“中国外贸百强城市”排名第47

2019年中国百强城市排行榜第21

中国城市绿色竞争力排名第62

2019中国地级市全面小康指数前100名

“中国城市科技创新发展指数2019”第28

2020年中国冰雪旅游十强市

2019年全球城市500强榜第361名

“七五”普法中期先进城市

综合运输服务示范城市

2020年新一线城市排名第12

2019年中国外贸百强城市

国家体育消费试点城市

国家公交都市建设示范城市

上榜“2020中国旅游城市排行榜”排名第34名

2020年全国双拥模范城市

首批民用无人驾驶航空试验基地(试验区)

2020中国宜居宜业城市

第一批国家文化和旅游消费试点城市

-

2021年国家产教融合试点城市

参考资料来源

对外交流

国家

城市

缔结日期

友好城市

日本

札幌市

1980年11月18日

日本

川崎市

1981年08月18日

意大利

都灵

1985年02月12日

美国

芝加哥

1985年09月05日

德国

杜塞尔多夫

1985年09月22日

俄罗斯

伊尔库茨克

1992年08月12日

菲律宾

奎松市

1993年05月07日

墨西哥

蒙特瑞

1993年10月05日

以色列

拉马干

1993年11月21日

韩国

城南市

1998年08月31日

喀麦隆

雅温得

1998年12月07日

希腊

塞萨洛尼基

2000年05月22日

马来西亚

新山市

2006年05月1日

捷克

俄斯特拉发

2006年08月30日

捷克

兹林

2007年05月14日

波兰

卡托维兹

2007年06月06日

日本

滨松市

2010年08月28日

法国

里尔

2010年09月07日

俄罗斯

乌法

2011年09月21日

俄罗斯

新西伯利亚

2013年05月29日

韩国

大田广域市

2013年07月29日

韩国

仁川广域市

2014年06月12日

阿根廷

拉普拉塔

2014年05月26日

北爱尔兰

贝尔法斯特市

2016年5月18日

英国

贝尔法斯特

2016年05月18日

乌拉圭

佛罗里达市

2018年

名称

领事范围

领事机构

美利坚合众国驻沈阳总领事馆

辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省

俄罗斯联邦驻沈阳总领事馆

辽宁省、吉林省

日本国驻沈阳总领事馆

辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省

德意志联邦共和国驻沈阳总领事馆

辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省

法兰西共和国驻沈阳总领事馆

辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省

大韩民国驻沈阳总领事馆

辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省

朝鲜民主主义人民共和国驻沈阳总领事馆

辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省

大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国(英国)驻沈阳签证中心

辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省

澳大利亚驻沈阳总领事馆

辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省

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