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Health Statistics



Definition

WebsterInternationalDictionary(thirdedition)definesstatisticsas"Asciencedealingwiththecollection,analysis,interpretation,andpresentationofnumericaldata".AnepidemiologicaldictionaryeditedbyLastJMdefinesstatisticsas"thescienceandartofdealingwithvariationindatathroughcollection,classificationandanalysisinsuchawayastoobtainreliableresults".Itcanbeseenfromthisthatstatisticsisthescienceandartofdealingwithvariabilityindata,anditisadisciplinethatobtainsreliableresultsintheprocessofcollecting,categorizing,analyzing,andinterpretinglargeamountsofdata.The"process"isemphasizedhere,butinactualwork,manypeopleoftenignorethedesign,collectionandclassification(organization),andonlythinkofstatisticswhenanalyzingthedata.Atthistime,itisinevitablethat"itistoolatetoregret"regrets..Asanapplicatorofstatistics,youshouldfullyrealizethis.

Content

Healthstatistics

Medicaldemographics,diseasestatistics,growthanddevelopmentstatistics,etc.;

Healthservicestatistics

Includingstatisticalissuessuchastheutilizationofhealthresources,thedemandformedicalandhealthservices,andthereformofthehealthcaresystem.

Precautions

1)Acorrectandcomprehensiveunderstandingofsomebasicconceptsandbasicideasofstatistics:Asmentionedearlier,"HealthStatistics"shouldbea"professionalstatistics",because"ProfessionalStatistics"mainlyemphasizesthepracticalapplicationofstatisticalmethods.Generally,theprinciplesofthemethodsarenotintroducedtoomuch.Therefore,studentswillfinditdifficulttounderstandsomeformulas,methodsandconceptsduringthelearningprocessofthiscourse,andtherewillbemany"Why",soIfeelthatthecurriculumisdifficulttolearnandunderstand,anditisdifficulttofullygraspthecurriculum.Inresponsetothisproblem,fromtheperspectiveofapplication,studentsshouldfocusonunderstandingthebasicstatisticalconcepts,principles,andbasicideas,anddonotneedtodotoomuchin-depthresearchonthesourceoftheformula.Listencarefullytothelecturesinclass,andstrengthencommunicationwithteachersandclassmatesafterclass.Thiswillhelpyoutounderstandtheconceptsandbasicideascorrectly.

2)Dilutetediousandcomplexcalculations:Withtherapiddevelopmentofinformationtechnology,computerscanbeseeneverywhere,andvariousdataprocessingsoftwareandstatisticalsoftwarearereadilyavailable,whichallowsustolearnfromtediousandcomplexstatisticalcalculations.Getoutofit.Butitsnegativeeffectistheblinduseofcomputersandstatisticalsoftware.Nomatterwhattypeofresearchdatais,theyaresimplyhandedovertothecomputerforprocessing,andcomputersareusedtoreplacestatistics,causingalargenumberofabuseandmisuseofstatisticalmethods.Manydatainmedicalresearcharerelatedtothehealthofthepopulation,andthemisuseofstatisticalmethodscanleadtoseriousethicalproblems.Thispromptsustopayattentiontothechoiceof"statisticalmethods",theassuranceof"dataquality"andthe"expression"ofstatisticalresults.

3)Combiningpracticeanddiligentpractice:Sincethecontentofthepreviouschaptersof"HealthStatistics"isverycloselyrelated,thequalityofthepreviouschapterwillhaveagreaterimpactonthesubsequentchapters.ThisStudentsarerequiredtohaveagoodgraspofthecontentofeachchapter.Abetterwaytoachievethisistocompletethesamplequestionsandexercisesineachchapterintime,especiallytheanalyticalthinkingquestions.Sincetheexercisesinthetextbookarenotpracticalproblemswithcompletemeaning(ithasbeensortedout),ifyouwanttosolvepracticalscientificresearchproblemswiththestatisticalmethodsyouhavelearned,youmustalsohaveastagetoapplythesemethods.Duetothelimitedconditions,itisimpossibleforstudentsinschooltoengageincompleteness.However,studentscanreadscientificresearchpapersinmedicaljournalsthroughtheInternetorthelibraryintheirsparetimetounderstandotherpeople’sstatisticaldesignideasandstatisticalanalysismethods,andoftenparticipateintheopeningreportsandthesisanswersofgraduatestudents.Ibelievethatthroughthisseriesofstudies,youwillbeabletousebasicstatisticalmethodswitheaseandease.

Statisticsisaprocessofturninginformationintoknowledge,andknowledgeisbeneficialtoscientificprogress.Inthisprocess,youwillunderstandtheessenceandmysteryofstatistics,andatthesametimeyouwillexperiencethejoyofstatisticalthinkingandreasoning,becauseascientificstatisticalprocessisaprocessofmedicalprogress.

Introduction

UndertheplanningandguidanceoftheStateAdministrationofTraditionalChineseMedicine,thisbookisspecificallyorganizedbytheNationalAssociationfortheConstructionofAdvancedChineseMedicineTextbooks,andisjointlyorganizedbymorethantenhigherinstitutionsofChinesemedicine.CompileanewcenturynationalhigherschoolofChinesemedicineplanningtextbookforusebymanagementmajorsinhigherschoolofChinesemedicineacrossthecountry.

Intheearlytenyearsofthenewcentury,variousChinesemedicinecollegesanduniversitiesacrossthecountryhavesuccessivelyopenedmajorsinmedicinemanagement,medicalinsurance,marketing,andhospitalmanagement.Thesemajorsareinseparablefromtheapplicationofhealthstatistics.Healthstatisticsisanapplieddisciplinethatappliestheprinciplesandmethodsofprobabilitytheoryandmathematicalstatisticstostudytheuncertainphenomenainhealthmanagementandhealtheconomy,andisanimportantquantitativeresearchtool.Theuseofstatisticalanalysiscandiscoverthelawsthatexistobjectivelyinmedicalandhealthservices,appropriatelyquantifyrelevantconclusions,andobtainscientificconclusions,whichcancultivatestudents'statisticalthinkingandrigorousscientificattitude.

Thistextbookisdividedinto15chapters,emphasizingthe"threebasics"trainingandpracticalapplication.Thefirstchapterintroducesthestatisticaldescriptionofquantitativedata,thesecondchapterintroducesthestatisticaldescriptionofclassifieddata,thethirdchapterintroducestheknowledgeandapplicationofcommonprobabilitydistributions,thefourthchapterintroducesparameterestimation,theotherfivechaptersintroducehypothesistesting,andthesixthchapterintroducesAnalysisofvariance,Chapter7introducescontingencytabledataanalysis,Chapter8introducesnon-parametrictesting,andChapter9introducescorrelationandregression.Thefirstninechaptersbelongtobasicstatistics.Chapters10to14belongtothecontentofprofessionalstatistics,andaremethodsoftenusedinhealthstatistics.Thefifteenthchapterisforexperimentaldesign,whichislessusedinmanagementmajors.Therefore,itislistedattheendforreferenceonly.

BookCatalog

ChapterOneStatisticalDescriptionofQuantitativeData

SectionOneBasicConcepts

I.Overall

Second,sample

3.Variables

SectionIIStatisticaldescriptionofquantitativedata

1.Positionalmeasurement

2.Dispersionmeasurement

Section3Commonlyusedstatisticalcharts

1.Frequencydistributiontableofquantitativedata

2.Statisticstable

Three,statisticalgraphs

SectionIVDPSsoftwareintroduction

1.BasicoperationsofDPS

2.FunctionsofDPS

Experiment

ChapterTwoStatisticalDescriptionofClassificationData

Section1FrequencyDistributionofClassificationData

SectionTwoRelativeNumbersCommonlyUsedinClassificationData

1.Ratio

2.Intensity

3.RelativeRatio

Section3CommonlyUsedRelativeNumbersinHealthStatistics

1,Demographicindicators

2.Diseasestatisticsindicators

3.Hospitalstatisticsindicators

4.Epidemiologicalsurveydataanalysisindicators

Five.Issuesthatshouldbepaidattentiontowhenapplyingrelativenumbers

Thefourthquarterratestandardization

1.Directmethodstandardizationrate

2.UsestandardizationmethodtoapplyPointstonote

Section5DynamicSequenceandAnalysisIndexes

1.Absolutegrowth,developmentspeedandgrowthrate

2.AveragedevelopmentspeedandAverageincreaseanddecreasespeed

Experiment2

ChapterThreeProbabilityDistribution

SectionOneBinomialDistribution

OneandBinomialDistributionPrerequisites

Probabilityfunctionofthebinaryandbinomialdistributions

Themeanandstandarddeviationofthethreeandbinomialdistributions

Section2Poissondistribution

p>

1.PrerequisitesforPoissondistribution

2.ProbabilitydensityfunctionofPoissondistribution

3.MeanandstandarddeviationofPoissondistribution

SectionThreeNormalDistributionandStandardNormalDistribution

First,NormalDistribution

Second,StandardNormalDistribution

SectionFourNormalDistributionApplicationof

1.Determinetherangeofmedicalreferencevalues

Theasymptoticrelationshipofthesecondandthreedistributions

3.Theapplicationofnormaldistributiontoqualitycontrol

p>

Experiment3

Chapter4ParameterEstimation

Section1SamplingDistributionandSamplingError

1.SamplingdistributionandsamplemeanSamplingerror

2.Samplingdistributionandsamplingerrorofsamplerate

Section2tdistribution

Section3populationEstimationofthemeanandtheoverallprobability

1.Parameterestimation

2.Confidenceinterval

Experiment4

Chapter5Hypothesistesting

Section1HypothesisTestingPrinciples

Section2HypothesisTestingofOne-SampleNormalData

1.HypothesisTestingofNormalPopulationMeans

p>

2.Hypothesistestofnormalpopulationvariance

Section3Hypothesistestoftwo-samplenormaldata

1.Ttestofpairedsampledata

2.Testforhomogeneityofvarianceofgroupdata

……

ChapterSixAnalysisofVariance

ChapterSevenDataAnalysisofContingencyTable

Chapter8NonparametricTesting

Chapter9CorrelationandRegression

Chapter10LogisticRegression

Chapter11TimeSequenceanalysis

ChapterTwelveComprehensiveEvaluation

ChapterThirteenSurvivalAnalysis

ChapterFourteenthInvestigationDesign

TenthFivechaptersofexperimentaldesign

AppendixIStatisticalTables

AppendixIIExtracurricularExercises

AppendixIIIMockTestPapers

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