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Theso-calledpublicuniversitiesmainlyrefertohighereducationinstitutionsfundedbythenationalgovernmentorlocalgovernments.Privatecollegesanduniversitiesfocusingondistinguishingprivatecapital.Forexample,publicuniversitiesintheUnitedStateshavetheirowncharacteristics.

Firstofall,publicuniversitiesineverystateintheUnitedStatesaregenerallya"stateuniversitysystem"composedofmultipleschools.

Amongthetop50universitiesintheUnitedStates,thereare16publicuniversities.Amongthe16seatsintoppublicuniversities,theUniversityofCaliforniaoccupies6seats.Takethe"UniversityofCaliforniaSystem"asanexample,andbrieflyexplainthe"UniversitySystem".

ThepublichighereducationsysteminCaliforniaisdividedintothreelevels.Thefirstisthe"UniversityofCaliforniaSystem"(referredtoastheUCsystem);thesecondisthe"CaliforniaStateUniversitySystem"(referredtoastheCSsystem));ThethirdistheCaliforniaCommunityCollegeSystem(referredtoastheCCCSsystem).

TheUCsystemhas10branches.Ithasaprincipal,andeachbranchschoolhasitsownprincipal.

Althoughtheprincipalsofeachbranchschoolhavetoreporttotheprincipal,theyallhaveahighdegreeofautonomy.

ThepublichighereducationsystemintheUnitedStatesisquitemature,andtheuniversitysystemsinotherstatesaresimilartothoseintheUniversityofCalifornia.Secondly,the"national"publicuniversitiesintheUnitedStatesaregenerallyresearchuniversities,andtheyareallmajoracademiccentersinthestatesoftheUnitedStates.

Theycanallbecalled"bigandcomprehensive",thatis,thereareeithermorebranchschools,ormorecampuses,withalargenumberofstudentsandteachers.Forexample,the10branchschoolsofthe"UniversityofCaliforniaSystem"haveatotalofmorethan191,000students.Intermsoftheirundergraduateeducation,inadditiontotheabove6branchschoolswithin50,therearetwootheruniversitiesrankedwithin100intheUnitedStates.,AndanotheronedoesnotparticipateintheUSranking,butthemedicalschoolisrecognizedasthetopfiveintheworld.

ThedifferencebetweenChinaandforeigncountries

China’spublicuniversitiesarebetterthanprivateuniversities,becausepublicuniversitieshavealonghistoryofestablishment,astrongculturalheritage,abetterstyleofstudy,andarelativelystableschoolstrategy.FamousuniversitiesinmainlandChina,suchasPekingUniversity,TsinghuaUniversity,ZhejiangUniversity,FudanUniversity,NankaiUniversity,andRenminUniversityofChina,areallpublicuniversities.

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Serialnumber

Schoolname

Departmentincharge

Location

Schoollevel

01

PekingUniversity

MinistryofEducation

Beijing

Undergraduateandabove

02

TsinghuaUniversity

MinistryofEducation

Beijing

Undergraduateandabove

03

ZhejiangUniversity

MinistryofEducation

HangzhouCity

Undergraduateandabove

04

FudanUniversity

MinistryofEducation

Shanghai

Undergraduateandabove

05

NanjingUniversity

MinistryofEducation

NanjingCity

Undergraduateandabove

06

NankaiUniversity

MinistryofEducation

Tianjin

Undergraduateandabove

07

RenminUniversityofChina

MinistryofEducation

Beijing

Undergraduateandabove

08

CentralUniversityofFinanceandEconomics

MinistryofEducation,MinistryofFinance

Beijing

Bachelordegreeandabove

09

UniversityofInternationalBusinessandEconomics

MinistryofEducation,MinistryofCommerce

Beijing

Undergraduateandabove

10

ShanghaiUniversityofFinanceandEconomics

MinistryofEducation,MinistryofFinance,Shanghai

Shanghai

Undergraduateandabove

11

BeijingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics

MinistryofIndustryandInformationTechnology

Beijing

Undergraduateandabove

12

BeijingInstituteofTechnology

MinistryofIndustryandInformationTechnology

Beijing

Undergraduateandabove

13

ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity

MinistryofEducation

Shanghai

Undergraduateandabove

14

BeijingNormalUniversity

MinistryofEducation

Beijing

Undergraduateandabove

15

UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences

ChineseAcademyofSciences

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Beijing

Undergraduateandabove

16

UniversityofChineseAcademyofSocialSciences

ChineseAcademyofSocialSciences

Beijing

Undergraduateandabove

15

SoutheastUniversity

MinistryofEducation

NanjingCity

Undergraduateandabove

16

BeijingJiaotongUniversity

MinistryofEducation

Beijing

Undergraduateandabove

17

NorthChinaElectricPowerUniversity

MinistryofEducation,StateGrid

Beijing

Undergraduateandabove

18

ChinaUniversityofPoliticalScienceandLaw

MinistryofEducation

Beijing

Undergraduateandabove

19

BeijingForeignStudiesUniversity

MinistryofEducation

Beijing

Undergraduateandabove

20

SunYat-senUniversity

MinistryofEducation

GuangzhouCity

Undergraduateandabove

21

ChinaAgriculturalUniversity

MinistryofEducation

Beijing

Undergraduateandabove

22

CentralUniversityforNationalities

MinistryofEducation

Beijing

Undergraduateandabove

23

SuzhouUniversity

MinistryofEducation

SuzhouCity

Undergraduateandabove

24

ShandongUniversity

MinistryofEducation

JinanCity

UndergraduateandundergraduateAbove

25

XiamenUniversity

MinistryofEducation

XiamenCity

Undergraduateandabove

26

TongjiUniversity

MinistryofEducation

Shanghai

UndergraduateandBachelordegreeorabove

27

WuhanUniversity

MinistryofEducation

WuhanCity

Undergraduateandabove

28

HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology

MinistryofEducation

WuhanCity

Undergraduateandabove

29

EastChinaNormalUniversity

MinistryofEducation

Shanghai

Undergraduateandabove

30

UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina

ChineseAcademyofSciences

HefeiCity

Undergraduateandabove

31

ChongqingUniversity

MinistryofEducation

ChongqingCity

Undergraduateandabove

32

SichuanUniversity

MinistryofEducation

ChengduCity

Undergraduateandabove

InothercountriessuchasAustralia,Canada,NewZealandandSingapore,thesituationissimilartoChina.Allthetopuniversitiesinthosecountries,suchasMcGillUniversityandtheUniversityofTorontoinCanada,theNationalUniversityofSingaporeandNanyangTechnologicalUniversityinSingapore,arepublicschools.IntheUnitedStates,privateuniversitiesaremorepopularbecausetheyhaveanadvantageontherankings.Itisnecessarytohavegoodgradesandawealthyfamilytoenterthetopprivateuniversities.

MostofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStatesareprivate,suchasHarvardUniversity,YaleUniversity,PrincetonUniversity,StanfordUniversityandMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Thetoppublicuniversitiesabsorbstudentswhoaregoodatlearningbutwhosefamiliesarenotverywealthy.SimilartothesituationintheUnitedStates,thereareItalyandSpain,whoseprivateuniversitiesoccupyanimportantpositioninthedomesticeducationcircle.ThemainoperatingmodelofAmericanpublicuniversitiesisthestateuniversitysystem.Exceptformilitaryacademies,theUnitedStateshasnouniversitiessponsoredbythefederalgovernment.Thesestateuniversitysystemsconstitutethemajorityofpubliclyfundedpublicuniversities.

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ListofAmericanstateuniversities

Statename

Schoolname

Numberofbranches/campus

Flagshipcampus

Alabama(Alabama)

AuburnUniversity

2

ObanCampus

UniversityofAlabama

3

TucaloosaCampus

Alaska

UniversityofAlaska

3

FairbanksBranch

AmericanSamoa

AmericanSamoaCommunityCollege

1

MapusagarCampus

Arizona

UniversityofArizona

1

TucsonCampus

ArizonaStateUniversity

5

Phoenixcampus

Arkansas

UniversityofArkansas

6

FayettevilleCampus

California

UniversityofCalifornia

10

Berkeley/LosAngelescampus

Colorado

UniversityofColorado

3

Bordeauxcampus

Connecticut

UniversityofConnecticut

6

Mansfield-TorseCampus

Delaware

UniversityofDelaware

1

NewarkCampus

Washington,DistrictofColumbia

UniversityoftheDistrictofColumbia

1

WashingtonDCcampus

Florida

UniversityofFloridaSystem

11

UniversityofFloridaatGalway

Georgia

UniversityofGeorgiaSystem

22

UniversityofGeorgia,Athens/GeorgiaInstituteofTechnology

Guam

UniversityofGuam

1

ManjilauVillageCampus

Hawaii

UniversityofHawaii

3

ManoaBranch

Idaho

UniversityofIdaho

1

MascoeCampus

Illinois

UniversityofIllinois

3

Urbana-Champaign

Indiana

IndianaUniversity

7

BloomingtonCampus

PurdueUniversity

4

WestLafayetteCampus

Iowa(Iowa)

UniversityofIowa

1

IowaCitySchoolGarden

IowaStateUniversity

1

ArmesCampus

Kansas

UniversityofKansas

1

LawrenceCampus

Kentucky

UniversityofKentucky

1

Lexingtoncampus

Louisiana

UniversityofLouisiana

9

LafayetteCampus

LouisianaStateUniversity

7

BatonRougeCampus

Maine

UniversityofMaine

8

OronoCampus

Maryland

UniversityofMaryland

13

CollegePark(CollegePark)Campus

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Massachusetts

UniversityofMassachusetts

5

AmherstCampus

Michigan(Michigan)

p>

UniversityofMichigan

3

AnnArbor(AnnArbor)Branchcampus

MichiganStateUniversity

1

EastLansingCampus

Minnesota

UniversityofMinnesota

5

TwinCities(Minneapolis&St.Paul)Campus

Mississippi

DeltaStateUniversity

1

Clevelandcampus

MississippiStateUniversity

1

StarwellCampus

Missouri

UniversityofMissouri

4

Columbia/St.Louis

Montana

UniversityofMontana

4

MissoulaCampus

Nebraska(NebraskaSkar)

UniversityofNebraska

4

LincolnBranch

Nevada

UniversityofNevada

5

ReynoldsCampus/LasVegasCampus

NewHampshire(NewHampshire)

UniversityofNewHampshireSystem

4

PlymouthStateUniversityPlymouthCampus

NewJersey

Rutgers,NewJerseyStateUniversity

3

NewBrunswickCampus

NewMexico

NewMexicoPolytechnicUniversity

1

SocroCampus

NewYork

StateUniversityofNewYork

35

Buffalo/StonyBrook/Binghamton

NorthCarolina

UniversityofNorthCarolinaSystem

16

UniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill/NorthCarolinaStateUniversityatRaleigh

NorthDakota

NorthDakotaStateUniversity

3

FalgerCampus

NorthernMarianaIslands

NorthernMarianaCollege

1

Saipancampus

Ohio

OhioStateUniversity

6

ColumbusCampus

Oklahoma

OklahomaStateUniversity

5

SteelwaterCampus

Oregon

UniversityofOregonSystem

8

OregonStateUniversity-CorvallisCampus/PortlandStateUniversity

Pennsylvania

PennsylvanStateUniversity

25

UniversityPark(UniversityPark)campus

UniversityofPittsburgh

4

Pittsburgh-GreensburgBranchcampus

Temple(Tempel)University

1

Philadelphiacampus

PuertoRico

UniversityofPuertoRico

11

RioPiedras

RhodeIsland

UniversityofRhodeIsland

4

KingstonCampus

SouthCarolina

SouthCarolinaUniversityofNamibia

7

ColumbiaCampus

SouthDakota

UniversityofSouthDakota

1

FomelinCampus

Tennessee

UniversityofTennessee

5

KnoxvilleCampus

Texas

UniversityofTexas

9

Austin

TexasA&MUniversity

9

UniversityofUtah

Utah

UniversityofUtah

1

SaltLakeCityCampus

Vermont(Valmont)

VermontStateCollege

5

LindenStateCollege

UniversityofVermont

1

UniversityofVermontCampus

Virginia(Virginia)

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UniversityofVirginia

1

CharlotsvilleCampus

VirginiaTechStateUniversity

2

Blacksburgcampus

TheCollegeofWilliamandMary

1

Williamsburg

DimensionVirginIslands

UniversityoftheVirginIslands

2

St.ThomasCampus

Washington

UniversityofWashington

3

SeattleUniversityofWashington

WestVirginia(WestVirginia)

WestVirginiaUniversity

4

MoganCityCampus

Wisconsin

UniversityofWisconsin

26

MadisonCampus

Wyoming

UniversityofWyoming

1

LaLameCampus

U.S.specialpublic

  • Privatetopublic

TherearesomespecialschoolsinthepublicuniversitiesofeverystateintheUnitedStates.Thefirstoftheseisthatsomecollegesthatwereoriginallyprivateuniversitieswereincorporatedbythegovernmentandbecamepublicuniversities.MorefamousonesincludeRutgersUniversityandCollegeofWilliamandMary.Generallyspeaking,publicuniversitiesarenamedafterplacesratherthanpeople,butthesetwoschoolsareexceptions.Thereasonisthattheyusedtobeprivateschools.ThefullnameofRutgersUniversityisRutgersandtheStateUniversityofNewJerseyinNewBrunswick.Itusedtobeachurchschool,privatelyowned.However,itwasincorporatedbytheNewJerseygovernmentinthe1960sandmergedwiththeformerNewarkBranchoftheStateUniversityofNewJerseyintoalargepublicresearchuniversity.TheCollegeofWilliamandMaryisthesecondoldestuniversityintheUnitedStates.Itwasfoundedinthe17thcenturyandwasonceprivatelyowned.ItalmostjoinedtheIvyLeague.However,around1900,theNorthCarolinagovernmentincorporateditandbecameapublicuniversity.Bythe21stcentury,theCollegeofWilliamandMaryisalsoveryuniqueamongpublicuniversities.Itisrelativelysmallcomparedtootherstateuniversities.Therelationshipbetweenteachersandstudentsandalumniisveryharmonious,andithasthefeelingofaliberalartscollege.

  • Public-PrivatePartnership

SomeuniversitiesintheUnitedStateswerepublic-privatepartnerships,thatis,partoftheschoolwasprivate.Partofitbelongstothestateuniversitysystem.ThemostfamousschoolofthiskindisCornellUniversity.CornellUniversityhasatotalof11colleges,ofwhich7areprivateandbelongtotheorthodoxCornellUniversity,whiletheother4arejointlyrunbyCornellUniversityandtheStateUniversityofNewYorkandbelongtotheStateUniversityofNewYork.Thismodelcombinesthepublicandprivateuniversity-runningmodelsintoone,andlearnsfromeachother'sstrengths.Itisarelativelysuccessfulmodel.

  • State-related

PennsylvaniaintheeasternUnitedStateshasauniqueuniversitysystem.ItiscalledStateRelatedUniversity(StateRelated).InPennsylvania,therearefourstate-relateduniversities:PennsylvaniaStateUniversity,UniversityofPittsburgh,TempleUniversityandLincolnUniversity.Infact,theyareapublic-privatepartnershipmodel,whichisevenmorethoroughthanCornellUniversity'smodel:theschoolreceivesgovernmentsubsidiesandalsosponsorsscientificresearchinstitutionsandmanufacturers.ThesefourschoolsareregardedasrepresentativesofpublicuniversitiesinPennsylvania.Infact,therealstateuniversitysysteminPennsylvaniaissomeincludingtheUniversityofCalifornia,Pennsylvania,UniversityofIllinois,HarrisburgUniversity,AllentonUniversity,CarrollUniversity,etc.Thefamousschoolsystem.

Advantages

Teachingfunding

Theendowmentfundsofpublicuniversitiescannotbecomparedwithprivateuniversities,buttheamountisstillconsiderable.TheUniversityofCalifornia’sdonationbaseamountedtoUS$9.6billion,rankingseventhamongAmericanuniversities.TheUniversityofMichigan’sendowmentfundreached7.1billionU.S.dollars,whichisthehighestamongpublicuniversitiesintermsofasingleschool.Astheflagshipuniversityofthestate'suniversitysystem,theUniversityofWisconsin-MadisonhasresearchfundingofmorethanUS$800millionfrom2007to2008.TheUniversityofIllinoishashundredsofmillionsofdollarsinresearchfundingforscienceandengineeringalone.Moreover,itissaidthattheschool'sresearchfundingfromtheNationalScienceFoundation(NSF)ranksfirstintheUnitedStateseveryyear.Relyingonthesupportofnearbyhigh-techindustriesandinternationalcompanies,theUniversityofWashington'sSeattlecampushasscientificresearchfundingofupto$5billionperyear.TheUniversityofFlorida,VirginiaPolytechnicInstituteandPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,whicharenotclosetothehigh-techindustrialarea,alsohaveanannualfundingofabout2billionUSdollars.

AcademicResources

Asfaraslibrarycollectionsareconcerned,mostpublicuniversitylibrarieshavemorethan5millionbooks.ThelibraryoftheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeleyalonehasnearly10millionbooks,makingitthefifthlargestlibraryinNorthAmerica.ThelibraryoftheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattleconsistsof19branches,withmorethan6millionbooksincollections,50,000periodicals,andsoon.TheUniversityofIllinoislibraryhasacollectionofmorethan10millionbooks,whichissaidtorankfirstamongpublicuniversitiesintheworldandthirdamongalluniversities,secondonlytoprivateYaleUniversityandHarvardUniversity.ThePekingUniversityLibraryhasacollectionofmorethan8millionbooks.

Faculty

Intermsoffaculty,thefacultyoftheUniversityofCaliforniasystemisthestrongest.TakeBerkeleyasanexample,itsteachers,researchersandalumniwontheNobelPrizeThereareasmanyas61,rankingsixthinthe"world'smostNobelPrize-winninguniversities";357academiciansoftheNationalAcademyofSciences(NAS),accountingfornearlyone-fifthofthetotalnumberofacademicians.

Thesituationinotheruniversitiesisnotweak.Forexample,theUniversityofIllinoishas24teachersoralumniwhohavewontheNobelPrize,1professorhaswontheFieldsMedal,and17teachersoralumnihavewonthePulitzerPrize.Thereare22membersoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesand28Americannationals.AcademicianoftheAcademyofEngineering.TherearealsomanyNobelPrizewinnersamongtheprofessorsandalumnioftheUniversityofTexasatAustin.Amongthecurrentprofessors,therearemorethan10academiciansoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesandmorethan40academiciansoftheNationalAcademyofEngineering.

DisciplineSetting

Publicuniversitieshaveacompleterangeofdisciplineswithoutstandingadvantages.

TheUniversityofIllinoisatUrbana-ChampaignistheflagshipuniversityinthepublicuniversitysystemofIllinois.Foralongtime,theUniversityofIllinoisatUrbana-ChampaignhasalwaysbeenoneofthetopandmostprestigiousuniversitiesintheUnitedStatesintermsofscienceandengineering.Itselectricalengineering,computerscience,materialsscience,civilengineering,andmechanicalengineeringrankamongthetop5intheUnitedStates.Engineering,aerospaceengineering,etc.arealsointhetop10intheUnitedStates.ThetotalnumberofSCIpapersoftheschoolranksamongthetop5intheUnitedStates.TheUniversityofIllinoisawardedthefirstbachelor'sdegreeinaccountingin1922andtheworld'sfirstdoctorateinaccountingin1939.ThestrengthoftheUniversityofIllinoisatChicagocannotbeunderestimated.ItisthemostprestigiouspublicresearchuniversityintheChicagoareaafterprivateuniversitiessuchasNorthwesternUniversity,theUniversityofChicago,andtheUniversityofNotreDame.

TheUniversityofMichiganatAnnArborranksamongthetop10majorsintheUnitedStates,includingbusiness,engineering,medicine,nursing,law,publicaffairs,psychology,sociology,andhistory.Theschool'sresearchonpublicaffairsisveryfamous,suchasthefamous"UniversityofMichiganConsumerConfidenceIndex".

AsapublicresearchuniversityfoundedbythethirdpresidentoftheUnitedStatesThomasJefferson,theUniversityofVirginiaistheonlyuniversityinNorthAmericathatislistedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.InAmericanhistory,theschoolisknownforpioneeringacademicfieldssuchasarchitecture,astronomy,andphilosophy.

TheUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonhasexcellenteducation,geography,historyandsociologysubjects.AccordingtotheresearchconductedbytheNationalResearchCouncil,theschoolranksamongthetoptenintheUnitedStatesin70subjects.

GeorgiaInstituteofTechnology(GaTechorGTorGIT),MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)andCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology(CaltechorCIT)arecollectivelyknownasthethreemajorAmericaninstitutesoftechnology,ofwhichonlyGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyispublicTheuniversitybelongstotheGeorgiaStateUniversitysystem.Thethreemajorpolytechnicsonlyhavelessthan10collegesincludingtheSchoolofArchitecture,theSchoolofComputer,theSchoolofManagement,theSchoolofEngineering,theSchoolofHumanities,andtheSchoolofScience,but10disciplinesareamongthetop10graduateschoolsintheUnitedStates.GeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyandtheUniversityofGeorgia,togetherwiththeprestigiousprivateschoolEmoryUniversity,formedanimportantscienceandeducationcenteronthesoutherneastcoastnearAtlanta.

TheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeleyisknownasthe"PublicHarvardUniversity"anditisalsotheflagshipoftheUniversityofCaliforniasysteminNorthernCalifornia.ThefivenortherncampusesoftheUniversityofCalifornia(Berkeley,SanFrancisco,SantaCruz,Merced,Davis)centeredonithaveattractedalargenumberoftalentsfrominsideandoutsidethestate,aswellasinternationalstudentsfromallovertheworld.TheUniversityofCalifornia,BerkeleyandStanfordUniversityhavesupportedthehigh-techresearchanddevelopmentoftheentireSiliconValley.

UniversityofCalifornia,Davisistheworld'sagriculturalandenvironmentalscienceresearchandeducationcenter.Itsagriculturalandenvironmentalscience-relateddisciplinessuchasplantscience,animalscience,andagriculturaleconomicsandmanagementscienceareallmajorsintheUnitedStates.Top10rankings.

TheUniversityofTexasatAustinisverystronginalldisciplines.Thedisciplinessuchasengineeringandmediahavelongbeenwell-known.Manydisciplinesarerankedinthetop10intheUnitedStates.Nootherschoolcanmatchthestatusofaccounting.

UCLAisclosetoHollywoodandhigh-techdistricts,andisknownasthecradleofAmericanbusinessfinance,high-techindustries,filmartandotherprofessionals.ThefivesoutherncampusesoftheUniversityofCalifornia(LosAngeles,SantaBarbara,Irvine,Riverside,SanDiego)andsomeoftheCaliforniaStateUniversitycampusesformahigh-techdistrictcenteredonthecityofLosAngeles,whichalsoincludestheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,SouthTheparticipationofprivateschoolssuchastheUniversityofCaliforniaandPepperdineUniversity.

Theinformationandlibrary,publichealthandotherdisciplinesoftheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHillhaverankedfirstintheUnitedStatesformanyyears.Togetherwiththenearbypublicuniversity,NorthCarolinaStateUniversity,Raleigh,andthefamousprivateuniversityDukeUniversity,itformsthedominantscientificresearchcenter,the"NorthCarolinaTriangle."

PurdueUniversityWestLafayettehasmadeindeliblecontributionstotheUnitedStatesinscienceandengineeringdisciplines,especiallyinaerospaceengineering.NeilArmstrong,thefirsthumantolandonthemoon,graduatedfromPurdueUniversity.Inordertoprovidelocalstudentswithmorelearningopportunities,PurdueUniversityalsoopenedajointcampuswithIndianaUniversity,apublicschoolinthesamestate,tocomplementeachother'sadvantagesandenhancetheirrespectivestrengths.

UniversityofMarylandParkisalargecomprehensivepublichighereducationinstitutionintheWashingtonarea.Foundedin1856,itisoneofthe20bestpublicuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.Amemberofthetoptenwell-knownalliancesintheMidwestoftheUnitedStates.Theschooliswell-knownforitsexcellentteachingandresearchcapabilities,andsheisconsideredtobeoneofthefastest-growingcomprehensiveresearchuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.Inthepasttenyears,theUniversityofMarathonhasrankedamongthetop10in31majorsintheUnitedStates,61majorsinthetop15intheUnitedStates,and90majorsinthetop25intheUnitedStates.TheUniversityofMarylandhas13collegesanditslevelofscientificresearchandteachingandresearchisintheleadingpositionintheUnitedStates.ItscriminaljusticedepartmentisthemostinfluentialdepartmentinthisfieldintheUnitedStates,rankingfirstintheUnitedStatesformanyyears.

TheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattlehasmaderemarkableachievementsinnuclearphysics,statistics,computerscience,mathematicsandnursing.Accordingtothe"2008WorldUniversityResearchPaperQualityEvaluation"conductedbytheTaiwanHigherEducationEvaluationCenter(usingpaperqualityasanindicator),SeattleUniversityofWashingtonranksfourthintheworld.ThismostprestigiousuniversityonthenorthwestcoastoftheUnitedStatesisalsooneofthehigh-producingplacesfortheNobelPrizeandPulitzerPrize.

TheParkCampus,themaincampusofPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,offersmorethan170majors,includingengineering,geographyandearthsciences,environment,meteorology,materialsscience,astronomy,artandmedia,andspecialeducation.Hehasmadegreatachievementsinscience,foodscience,managementandsoon.ItistheplacewhereAmericanliteraturecoursesandindustrialengineeringdisciplinesoriginatedontheNorthAmericancontinent.Itisalsotheplacewherethefirstextrasolarplanetswerediscoveredandtheatomswerefirstobserved.ItscontributionstogeosciencesandGISplayadecisiveroleintheindustry.

OxfordUniversityofMiami,Ohio(UniversityofMiami,Oxford)isoneofthefirstbatchofoutstandingpublicuniversities.Itoffersmorethanonehundredmajors,completecategories,andspecializesincertainaspects..

UniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbaranotonlyhasabeautifulenvironment,butwiththeeffortsoftheschool,itscomprehensivecapabilitieshavebeensteadilyimproved,especiallyintheareasofgeographyandphysics,andtheprospectsareveryoptimistic.Therankingsofthisschoolarealsorisingyearbyyear.TheadditionofGoodchild,thefatherofGIS,madethefacultylineupofthegeographydepartmentofthisschoolverypowerful.

TheStateUniversityofNewYorkhasahugebranchcampussystem.ItsBinghamtoncampus,StonyBrookcampus,BuffalocampusandtheInstituteofScienceandTechnologyareallinthetop120oftheAmericanuniversityrankings,anditalsohasfoursubordinatecollegesandin-depthcooperationwiththefamousIvyLeagueUniversityCornellUniversity.TheCityUniversityofNewYorkalsoreliesonitsgeographicallocationandhasitsownexpertiseinfinance,economics,andmarketing.

InadditiontoprivateuniversitiessuchasJohnsHopkinsUniversityandHarvardUniversity,thetopmedicalinstitutionsalsoincludepublicuniversitiessuchastheUniversityofPittsburghandtheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco.TheUniversityofPittsburghisafullydevelopedpublicuniversity,butitsreputationinthemedicalworldisnolessthanthatofHarvardUniversity.TheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFranciscoisasmallmedicalschoolfocusedoncultivatingmedicalleadersandhasaninternationalreputation.

AlumniResources

Mostofthepublicuniversitieshaveachievedoutstandingresultsandtalentedpeoplehavemadegreatcontributionstothecountryandsociety.

IntheUnitedStates,publicuniversitieshaveaveryclearawarenessofservingthesocietyandthecountry.Inthe“WashingtonMonthlyUniversityRankings,”thetop10“UniversitieswiththeMostServiceandContributionstoAmerica”aretheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,PennsylvaniaStateUniversity,UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,UniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,andUniversityofCalifornia,Davis.Fivepublicuniversitiesareamongthem,occupyinghalfofthecountry.

TheCollegeofWilliamandMarywasfoundedin1693.ItisthesecondoldestcollegeintheUnitedStatesafterHarvardUniversity.ItisknownasthefirstschoolintheSouthorPrincetonLittle.Itisarelativelysmallpublicuniversitywithlessthan6,000undergraduatesand2,000graduatestudents,butithasproducedAmericanpresidentssuchasThomasJefferson,JamesMonroe,andJohnTaylor.

AlthoughPennStateUniversityhasaremotecampus,itsalumninetworkisthelargestintheUnitedStates,soitisregardedasthemostfamousuniversityintheUnitedStates.Thealumniofthisschoolaredistributedinallwalksoflife,buttheyallhaveatraditionofobtainingresearchfundingandsponsorshipfortheiralmamater.AlumnioftheschooldonatedUS$200millioninalumpsumtobuildthefirsticehockeyhallincentralPennsylvania.Duetothealumninetwork,theschoolhasbecomeoneofNASA'scooperativecolleges,andhasmadeoutstandingachievementsinearthsciences,geography,environmentalsciences,astronomy,andatmosphere.

Ifyoudoalittleinvestigation,youwillfindthatsomeChinesepeoplewearefamiliarwith,suchasWuJianxiong,QiuChengtong,DingZhaozhong,ZhuKezhen,JianBozan,ChenZhifan,YangZhenning,BruceLee,etc.,aresimilartotheabovepublicuniversities.Orthatkindofconnection.

Ranking

OnAugust25,2008,the"U.S.NewsandWorldReport"weeklypublishedthe"2009RankingoftheBestUniversitiesintheUnitedStates."Althoughthisrankinghasbeenquestionedbymanyexperts,scholarsandevensomeuniversities,itshugeinfluenceintheUnitedStatesandinternationallycannotbeunderestimatedbyanyoneandanyuniversity.Amongtherankingsofitsvariouscategories,themostconcernedisthe"nationaluniversityrankings".DuetofactorssuchasthedominantpositionoccupiedbypublicuniversitiesinAmericanhighereducation,therankingalsospeciallyselectedthe"publicuniversities"fromthe"nationaluniversities"andestablishedthe"publicuniversityrankings."

Inthe2012"PublicUniversityRankings",thetop16hasnotchangedmuchfrompreviousyears.ThefirstplaceisstilltheNorthernflagshipschooloftheUniversityofCaliforniasystem,UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,followedcloselybytheSouthernflagshipschooloftheCaliforniasystem,UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.TheUniversityofVirginia,foundedbyUSPresidentThomasJefferson,theUniversityofMichiganatAnnArbor,aworld-classuniversityintheGreatLakesregion,theUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill,oneoftheNorthCarolinaTriangles,andtheCollegeofWilliamandMary,thefirstschoolintheSouth,rankedthirdtothird.Six;GeorgiaInstituteofTechnology,knownastheSouthernMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,andtheUniversityofCalifornia,anothersouthernbranchoftheUniversityofCalifornia,rankedseventhandeighth;NorthernCalifornia,theUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,famousforitsagricultureandmedicineRankedninth;SouthernCalifornia'sfast-growingprestigiousuniversityofphysicsandgeography,UniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,andSeattleUniversityofWashington,whicharefamousfornaturalsciencesandnursinginthenorthwesterncoast,aretiedfortenth;Wisconsin,thebestcomprehensiveuniversityinthenorth-centralpartofthecountryUniversityofMadisonisthetwelfthplace;PennsylvaniaStateUniversity,famousforengineering,agriculturalmediaandgeography,UniversityofTexasatAustin,famousforaccountingandengineering,UniversityofIllinoisatUrbana-Champaign,famousforcomputerbusinessandcivilengineering,andUniversityofCaliforniaThefirstalternateschoolinLosAngeles,theUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,istiedforthirteenth,andtheUniversityofFloridaisrankedseventeenth.AtotalofseventeenschoolsformthefirstgroupofpublicuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.

Generallyspeaking,the"publictopthree"referstotheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley,theUniversityofMichiganatAnnArborandtheUniversityofVirginia.Ofcourse,somepeoplehavechangedtheUniversityofVirginiatotheUniversityofIllinoisatUrbana-ChampaignortheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison.UCLAalsohasthestrengthtohitthetopthree.Toppublicuniversitieshavefallensharplyintheirrankingsinthepasttwodecades,buttheirscientificandeducationalcapabilitieshaverisenrapidly,andtheirstrengthhasbeenabletocompetewithmosttopprivateschools.Inresponsetothisfact,theAmericaneducationcommunityhasalsoputforwardtheterm"PublicIvy",whichreferstothefirst-classpublicuniversitieswhosestrengthcanrivalthefamousIvyLeagueschoolsbutwhosetuitionisverylow,includingtheaforementioned16first-classuniversities.Theschoolandmorethanadozenquasi-first-classschoolssuchasOhioStateUniversity,PurdueUniversity,MichiganStateUniversity,UniversityofMarylandPark,UniversityofMinnesotaTwinCities,IndianaUniversityBloomington,UniversityofDelaware,UniversityofPittsburgh,UniversityofColoradoBoRutgersUniversityandRutgersUniversity,etc.

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