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Hard pen



Explanation

1.Strongandpowerfulbrushwork.2.Forexample,pens,ballpointpens,pencilsandotherwritingtoolswithhardmaterialsatthetip.

Summary

HistoricalpenhistoryandvalueTheintroductionanduseofWesternpensinthe19thcenturymadeChinesebrushpensthathavebeeninuseformorethan2,000yearsgraduallyrelegatedtothe"secondline",triggeringthehistoryofChinesecalligraphyTherevolutioninChinaproducedmodernhardpencalligraphy.Butforalongtime,ChinesepeopledidnotknowthathardpensareancientChineseobjects,andtheshapeandfunctionofsomehardpensareonlyonestepawayfrommodernfountainpens.ThelatestresearchresultsofChineseexpertsshowthatthereisarelationshipbetweenancientChinesehardpensandmodernfountainpens,althoughtherelationshipbetweenthetwoisstilldifficulttosortoutcompletely,andfurtherdemonstrationisneeded.However,expertsbelievethatfromthecommonalityoftheshapeandprincipleofthepentongue,itcanbeseenthattheancientChinesehardpeniscloselyrelatedtothemodernwesternpen,anditmaybeits"distantancestor."

History

Intheexpeditionsandarchaeologicalexcavationsinthelastcentury,WesternexplorersandChinesearchaeologistshavediscoveredmorethan10bamboopipes,reedpipes,andreedpipesinwesternChina.Hardpenmadeofbamboobatches,redwillowandothermaterials.In1906,theBritishSteindiscoveredareed-pipepenfromtheMilansiteinRuoqiangCounty,Xinjiang.In1972,Chinesearchaeologistsdiscoveredadouble-petalandpointedbamboopenattheZhangyibaositeinWuwei,Gansu.Intermsofshape,thesetwopensareverysimilar.Botharefinelypolishedwithwoodenmaterialsandhavesharpnibsandhorse-ear-shapedpentongues.Surprisingly,thereisagapinthemiddleofthetongueofthesetwopens,whichisdouble-petaledandpointed,whichissimilartothetongueoftoday'sfountainpens.In1991,attheHanDynastyGaowangsuisiteonthesoutheastbankofHarunaoerLakeinthenorthwestofDunhuangCity,aminerdiscoveredaHanDynastygoblet,twobronzearrowheads,andabambooartifact.ThisistheearliestbamboodiscoveredinChinasofar.Theconepenhasbeenaroundfornearlytwothousandyears.

LiZhengyusaidthattherearerecordsinChinesehistorybooksthat"mostancientpensaremadeofbamboo".TheHanDynastybambooconepenfoundattheGaowangsuisiteinDunhuangbelongstothiscategory.Thepenisflatinshape,oneendisflush,andtheotherissharpened.Judgingfromthelacquermarksremainingonthenib,ithasobviouslybeenusedforwriting,whichjustconfirmsthehistoricalfactthatancientChinese"bambooslabsaredippedinlacquer".

Calligraphy

Concept

Hardpencalligraphyisabrilliantandwonderfulflowerinthegardenofcalligraphyart.Itisakindofcalligraphy.Itswritingtoolsincludepen,ballpointpen,dippen,PencilPlasticpenBamboopen,Woodenpen,stylus,etc.,useinkasthemaincarriertoexpressthewritingskillsofChinesecharacters.Ithasthecharacteristicsofeasycarrying,quickwritingandwideuse.Thedifferencebetweenitandthebrushisthatthethickstipplingofthesoftbrushisturnedintoaslenderstippling,thefleshandtendonsareremovedandthebonesarepreserved.

Origin

Regardingtheoriginofhardpencalligraphy,manypeoplethinkthatitcanbetracedbacktotheancienttimeswhenpeopleusedstonesandknivestodepicttortoiseshellsandanimalbones,andthisprovesthathardpencalligraphyoriginatedfromwritingbrushes.Artformbeforecalligraphy.However,knivesandstonepiecesarefarfromthehardpenwritingtoolsweusenow.Thereisstillacertaindifferencebetweendepictionandwriting.Thisiswhycalligraphyandsealcuttingarealwaystwokindsofartalthoughtheyareinextricablylinked.Incontrast,wearemorewillingtotracethehistoryofsealcuttingbacktotheoracleboneera.

Features

Tolearnhardpencalligraphy,youmustnotonlypursueahighlevelofartisticlevel,butalsopayattentiontoitspracticalvalue.Toreflectitspracticalvalue,itmustbecorrect,standardized,andevenlywritten.

ChinesecharacterswrittenwithhardpensarestillChinesecharacterfontscreatedwithsoftpens,whichcannotbeviolated,otherwisetheywillnotberecognizedbyothers.Therefore,ChinesecharacterswrittenwithhardpenscanstillmoreorlessshowthetraditionalstyleofChinesecharacters.Softpenandhardpenhavetheirowncharacteristics.WhatarethecharacteristicsofChinesecharacterswrittenwithhardpen?Whenweusethe"fuzzy"wayofthinkingandregardthestrokeswrittenwithsoftpensas"faces",wecanalsoregardthestrokeswrittenwithhardpensas"lines".Weregardthewritingstrokesofhardpensas"lines"becauseitbasicallycannolongerexpresstheexpressivepowerofsoftpenstrokesinthecontrastoflinethicknesschanges(exceptforspecial-shapedhardpens).Hardpenstrokesareonlylines,andthetraditional"zhuan"techniquelosesitspracticalsignificance.Inthisway,theChinesecharacterswrittenwithhardpenarejustacombinationoflines,whichisabitofthe"steelseal"createdintheQingDynasty.

Masters

DengSanTianYuanXieFeimoXiePiquanShenHonggenLuZhongnanWangZhengliangCuiXueluPangZhonghuaTianYingzhangRenPingDingYongkangWangHuisongWuYushengHeChangguiSunGuangsong

QiuYinliYipingWuFangxiaQiXingZouMuBaiLiDelianPanXianZhangXiuWangDerongGuZhonganLuSheWuZhengMingyaoHeDongxiangQiYuxinPanFengCaiJianhaoTangGuoshengJinZeshanYuZhongyuanChenLixiongChenWenxuanWuYiqiaoZhuYongfangHuangWenquanXieJidongGaoYongchunNiJundongQuQingweiWangYongjingZhouYongjingXiaopengLiuChuanpei

Works

SixMethodsforPromotingPosting(LiuZhengyong)

FourMethodsforPromotingMentalAttitudeAdjustment(YangWenliu)

OnthePenPro"ShusuTie"(WuBangzhi)

Methodsofcopyingcopybooks(ShenHonggen)

HowtowriteOucharacterslively(KongYan)

Aguidetowritinghardpencalligraphy(XiangSen)

Proceduralguideforwriting"ConfuciusTempleStele"

Proceduralguidefor"TrueCaoganZiwen"realbook

FiveEssentialsofProposal(LuJincheng)

Talkaboutthepost(LiuAncheng)

Abouttherealmofpost(XiaoXin)

Threetypesofpostreading:appreciation,analysisandmemory(WangGuojin)

Step1:Pursue"likeness"(ChenGuoxiang)

Learning

Sitthecorrectposture

Situprightwithyourlegsflat,headandupperbodyslightlyfacingLeanforward,punchhischestoffthetable,andputhisarmsflatonthetable.Holdapenwithyourrighthandtowrite,andpressthepaperwithyourlefthand,keepingthepaperstraight.Tobeequippedwithtablesandchairsofappropriateheight.Whenwriting,firstpayattentiontothepostureandcorrectthewrongposture.Aslongasyoupersevere,youwillbeabletomasterthecorrectwritingmethodandwritingposture.

Holdthepencorrectly

Thecorrectwaytoholdthepenis:thethumb,indexfinger,andmiddlefingerrespectivelyusethefirstsectiontopinchthelowerendofthepeninthreedirections,thatis,thethumbandindexfingerarefromthepenshaft.Clampthepenholderleftandrightinthefront,extendtheindexfingerslightlyforward,andpresstheupperandbacksidesofthenailsagainstthebackandlowersidesofthepenholder.Itisaboutaninchawayfromthetipofthepen,andthetipofthepenislowerthanyourthumbandindexfinger.Theringfingerandthelittlefingernaturallybendtowardthepalmofthehandinturn,closetothebottomofthemiddlefinger,andcoordinatethemovementofthemiddlefingerwiththepen,andcannottouchthesurfaceofthepaper.Theupperendofthepenholderisleaningagainstthehighestboneofthethirdsectionoftheindexfinger,leaningtotherightback,atanangleofabout50degreeswiththepaper.To"pointtotherealandemptypalm"whenholdingapen,itmeanstoholdthepenfirmly,thepalmshouldbeempty,emptyasanegg.Inthisway,thepencanbeflexiblymovedwhenwriting,andthewritingeffectcanbeimproved.

Howtopractice

Aftertheproblemofcopybookandscriptissolved,theproblemfacingiscopyingandcopying.

Fragmentmeanstracing,thatis,youcantraceontheprintedredstamp,oryoucanuseathinpaperwithgoodtransparencytocoverthepost.Somepeopleusesmoothfilmorplasticfilminsteadofpapertocopy.Inthisway,itwillnotcauseinkstainstopassthroughthepaperandpollutethecopybook,anditcanbewashedandreused.Theprocessoftracingismainlytoallowbeginnerstofamiliarizethemselveswiththestructureofcharactersandchangesinstrokesthroughmoreaccuratedescriptions,soastofurthertransitiontotemporarywriting.Agoodwaytocopyandwritequickly.

Pro,itcanbesaidthateverypersonwholearnstowritemustgothrough.Therearesomewell-knownoldcalligraphers,althoughtheyhavegreataccomplishments,theystillworkhardeveryday.Thereisnoonewhoisborntowritewellwithoutmakingapost.Temporarypracticeistheonlywaytopracticecalligraphyandtoengageincalligraphycreation,andnoonecanfindanotherway.

Copybookselection

Copybookisasilentteacherforlearners.Beginnersshouldpayspecialattentiontothechoiceofcopybook,becausethequalityofthecopybookwillhaveagreatinfluenceonthebeginner'spracticeandfuturedevelopment.Wethinkitisbettertopracticepencalligraphy,especiallyforbeginners,usingbrushcalligraphytolearnpencalligraphyishalftheeffort.

Therearetwomainprinciplesforchoosingpencopybooks:(1)Chooseatemplateyoulike.Onlyifyoulikeit,willyouhavetheenthusiasmtopracticeit,whichwillbringsmoothprogresstobeginners;(2)Chooseanexcellentmodelrecognizedbyexperts.Atpresent,thereareindeedsomelow-qualitycopybookspopularinthesociety,whichisaninevitablephenomenoninthecommoditysociety.Ifabeginnerchoosesrandomly,hewillgoastrayandnotonlywastetimeandenergy,butmayalsobecontaminatedwithsomebadhabits.Therefore,youmustbecarefulwhenchoosingcopybooks,andyoucanaskexpertsforadvice.

Writingwithlove

Thenobleandbeautifulfeelingsthatarespontaneousintheheartareexpressedinfonts,andthewrittencharactersaremoreaestheticallyappealing.Thatistosay,whenwewrite,wemustlovecalligraphy,haveastronginterestincalligraphy,andbefocusedandpracticeforalongtimeinordertowritebeautifulcharacters.

Keypoints

(1)Posture

(1)Situprightandshouldersflat,Thebackshouldbestraight,thebodyandheadshouldnotbecrooked,letalonelow;theeyesshouldbeaboutonefootawayfromthetabletop,andthefrontchestshouldbeaboutthreeinchesawayfromtheedgeofthetable.

(2)Thepenshouldbestraight,thetipofthepenshouldbestraightforward,avoidinclination,(aslongasthepalmisflat,thetipofthepenwillnaturallymoveforward);Aboutaninch.Ifyouholdthepenincorrectlyorthetipofthepenistiltedinwards,youwillnotbeabletowritewell,youwillnotbeabletowritewell,youwillnotbeabletowritehorizontally,youwillnotbeabletowriteeasily,andyouwillevenhavetomoveyourrighthandeverytimeyouwriteastroke.Atthesametime,thewrittenlineshavenobackboneandnorhythm,andtheshapeofthefontisnoteasytobestretchedandgenerous.

(3)Fortheinclinationofthepenholder,holdthepenupforwritinglargecharacters,andtheangleofthepenholdershouldbeslightlylarger,whilewritingsmallcharactersdown,theinclinationofthepenholdershouldbeslightlysmaller.Thegeneralinclinationshouldbeinclinedattheindexfingerjoint,beyondthispart,thestrokeswrittenareeitherrigidorrigid.Thepenshaftisnotinclinedproperly,thespeedofthepenmustbelimited,anditisimpossibletowriteelegantandcharmingglyphs,sothe"tigermouth"shouldnotbetilted.

(4)Holdthepeneasilyandmovethepenfreely;ifyouholdthepentootightly,youcan’twritethewordsbroadlyandgenerously.Accordingtothelecturesinthemiddleschool,inaclassof50people,forty-fivepeopleholdthepenincorrectlyorthetipofthepenistiltedinward.Thisisalsothecaseincollege.Forthisreason,thecharacterswrittenbythesestudentsarenothooked.Itislikeahook,butnotlikeana,thestrokesareallflatandpiled.Asmentionedearlier,goodorbadwritingisabsolutelyrelatedtopostureandwriting.Justlikewoodworkingsawingwood,ifthepostureandthesawarenotright,evenifthe"line"isdrawnstraight,youwillhavetosawitcrookedly.Thisisthesameaswritinggoodwords.

1.Sittingposture:

(1)Headupright:theheadmustnotbeskewedleftandright.

(2)Straightenbody:Situpright.

(3)Chestcomfort:Keepapunchbetweenthechestandtheedgeofthetable.

(4)Flatarms:Placeyourarmsflatonthedesktopnaturally.

(5)Footsafety:Placeyourfeetflatonthegroundnaturally,withthesamewidthasyourshoulders.

2.Thepostureofholdingthepen:

Holdthepenwithyourrighthand,holdthelowerendofthepenholderfromthreedirectionswithyourthumb,indexfinger,andmiddlefinger,approximatelyawayfromthetipofthepen.Aboutaninch,theupperpartofthepenholderleansagainstthebaseoftheindexfinger.Theanglebetweenthepenholderandthepaperisabout45°.

(2)Essentialsofpenuse:

1.Stepsofpenmovement:Hardpencalligraphyalsopaysattentiontothethreestepsofstarting,runningandclosingthepen.

2.Thestrengthandspeedofpenstroke:Hardpencalligraphyshouldalsopayattentiontothebalanceofstrengthandspeedduringpenstroke.Generally,whenpressingthepen,theforceisheavy,andthestrokeisrelativelyslow;whilewhenthepenislifted,theforceislight,andthestrokeisrelativelyfast,andthewristishard.

3.Thestrokesmustbedoneinonego:Thestarting,moving,andclosingofthehardpencalligraphystrokesareverycontinuousmovementscompletedinaninstant,anditdoesnotallowtheslightesthesitationinthestrokes.

4.Thestrokesshouldbesmoothlyundulatingandexcessivelynatural:Thestrokesshouldpayattentiontochanges.Thechangeofhardpencalligraphyshouldberelativelystable,anditsexcessshouldalsobenatural.Suddenchangesandsuddenupsanddownscancauseproblems.

Postureandpsychology

Theprojectionofthepenholderis45degreesorhigherthantherightangleatthebottomrightofthepaper.Thisisthecorrectwritingposture.Thehorizontaldrawingmovesthewrist,andthewristmovesupwardswhenthehorizontaldrawingmoves.Whenthehorizontalpaintingisupward,theupwardpsychologicalcharacteristicsareshown(Figure1).Theprojectionofthepenbarrelissmallerthan45degreesattherightbottomrightofthepaper.Thisisoneofthewrongpenholdingpostures.Whenusingthepentowritehorizontally,youcannotmoveyourwrist,butonlypullthefingerholdingthepen,andthestrokeswrittenbyonefingerareeitherflatortotheright.Decline.Themoretheprojectionofthepenislessthan45degrees,themoreobliquethestrokeswillbe.Thisisaseriousphenomenoncommontobeginners(especiallypreschoolchildren)(seeFigure2).

(1)Horizontaldrawingandupwardelevationarethepersonalitycharacteristicsofupwardandaggressivepersonality.

(2)Horizontalpaintingisastableandconservativepersonalitycharacteristic.

(3)Thehorizontaldrawingisslanteddownwardtotheright,whichisnegativeforadults,andisapersonalitytraitthatiseasytodiscourageforminors.

InancientChina,therearemanysayingsthatreflectthepsychologyofthewriterthroughhandwriting,suchasLiuGongquan's"Bookasheartpainting",SunGuoting's"Heart-handcorrespondence",andLiuXizai's"Wordsareliketheperson".EuropeanpsychologistssuchasVygotsky,Leonjeev,GaryPelin,Paplov,etc.havealsoconductedfurtherscientificdemonstrationsonthe"internalizationtheory"and"conditionedreflex"andotherrelatedprinciples.

Appreciationofworks

MemberofChinaHardPenCalligraphyAssociation,TianjinSeniorCalligraphyAssociation,andtheelderlyXiePiquandevotedhimselftothestudyofhardpencalligraphy.Inrecentyears,hehascombinedthesoftnessofsoftpencalligraphywiththerigidityofhardpencalligraphy.Perfectcombination,createdalargenumberofuniquehardpencalligraphyworks.Hisworkswereincludedinthecompilationof"CollectionsoftheFirstShenzhouCupChinesePaintingandCalligraphyCompetition","AppreciationofChinesePaintingsandCalligraphy","60YearsofLiteratureandArtoftheRepublic"andotherbooksandwonthegoldmedal.

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